The Trail Making Test and Digit Span are neuropsychological tests widely used to assess executive abilities following stroke. The Trails B and Digits Backward conditions of these tests are thought to be more sensitive to executive impairment related to frontal lobe dysfunction than the Trails A and Digits Forward conditions. Trails B and Digits Backward are also thought to be more sensitive to brain damage in general. Data from the Stroke and Lesion Registry maintained by the Washington University Cognitive Rehabilitation Research Group were analyzed to compare the effects of frontal versus nonfrontal strokes and to assess the effects of stroke severity. Results showed that the performance of patients with frontal and nonfrontal strokes was comparable in each condition of both the Trail Making Test and Digit Span, providing no support for the widely held belief that Trails B and Digits Backward are more sensitive to frontal lobe damage. Further, Trails A was as strongly correlated with stroke severity as Trails B, whereas Digits Backward was more strongly correlated with stroke severity than Digits Forward. Overall, the Trail Making Test and Digit Span are sensitive to brain damage but do not differentiate between patients with frontal versus nonfrontal stroke.

中文翻译：

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通过跟踪测试和数字跨度评估急性中风后的执行能力。

Trail Making Test 和 Digit Span 是广泛用于评估中风后执行能力的神经心理学测试。这些测试的 Trails B 和 Digits Backward 条件被认为比 Trails A 和 Digits Forward 条件对与额叶功能障碍相关的执行障碍更敏感。Trails B 和 Digits Backward 一般也被认为对脑损伤更敏感。来自华盛顿大学认知康复研究小组维护的中风和病变登记处的数据进行了分析，以比较额叶中风与非额叶中风的影响并评估中风严重程度的影响。结果表明，额叶和非额叶卒中患者的表现在 Trail Making Test 和 Digit Span 的每种情况下都具有可比性，没有为广泛持有的观点提供支持，即 Trails B 和 Digits Backward 对额叶损伤更敏感。此外，轨迹 A 与中风严重程度的相关性与轨迹 B 一样强，而数字向后与中风严重程度的相关性强于数字向前。总体而言，Trail Making Test 和 Digit Span 对脑损伤敏感，但不能区分额叶和非额叶中风患者。