Microneedles (MNs) have been established as promising medical devices as they are minimally invasive, cause less pain, and can be utilized for self-administration of drugs by patients. There has been rapid development in MNs for transdermal monitoring and diagnostic systems, following the active research on fabrication methods and applications for drug delivery. In this paper, recent investigations on bio-sensing using MNs are reviewed in terms of the applicability to continuous glucose monitoring system (CGMS), which is one of the main research focuses of medical engineering technologies. The trend of the functionalized MNs can be categorized as follows: (i) as a sensing probe, and (ii) as a biological fluid collector. MNs as in vivo sensors are mainly integrated or coated with conductive materials to have the function as electrodes. MNs as fluid collectors are given a certain geometrical design, such as a hollow and porous structure aided by a capillary action or negative pressure, to extract the interstitial fluids or blood for ex vivo analysis. For realization of CGMS with MNs, a long-term accurate measurement by the MN-based sensing probe or a fluidic connection between the MN-based fluid collector and the existing microfluidic measurement systems should be investigated.

中文翻译：

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用于连续血糖监测的功能化微针。

微针（MN）已被认为是一种有前途的医疗设备，因为它们具有微创性、引起的疼痛较少，并且可以供患者自行给药。随着对药物输送的制造方法和应用的积极研究，微纳米用于透皮监测和诊断系统的发展迅速。本文从连续血糖监测系统（CGMS）的适用性方面综述了最近使用微神经​​网络进行生物传感的研究，连续血糖监测系统是医学工程技术的主要研究热点之一。功能化微纳米的趋势可分为以下几类：（i）作为传感探针，（ii）作为生物液体收集器。MN作为体内传感器，主要是集成或涂覆导电材料以具有电极的功能。MN 作为液体收集器，具有一定的几何设计，例如借助毛细管作用或负压的中空多孔结构，以提取间质液或血液进行离体分析。为了实现 MN 的 CGMS，应研究基于 MN 的传感探头的长期精确测量或基于 MN 的流体收集器与现有微流体测量系统之间的流体连接。