Magnetic ion channel activation technology uses superparamagnetic nanoparticles conjugated with targeting antibodies to apply mechanical force directly to stretch-activated ion channels on the cell surface, stimulating mechanotransduction and downstream processes. This technique has been reported to promote differentiation towards musculoskeletal cell types and enhance mineralisation. Previous studies have shown how mesenchymal stem cells injected into a pre-mineralised environment such as a foetal chick epiphysis, results in large-scale osteogenesis at the target site. However, the relative contributions of stem cells and surrounding host tissue has not been resolved, that is, are the mesenchymal stem cells solely responsible for the observed mineralisation or do mechanically stimulated mesenchymal stem cells also promote a host-tissue mineralisation response? To address this, we established a novel two-dimensional co-culture assay, which indicated that magnetic ion channel activation stimulation of human mesenchymal stem cells does not significantly promote migration but does enhance collagen deposition and mineralisation in the surrounding cells. We conclude that one of the important functions of injected human mesenchymal stem cells is to release biological factors (e.g., cytokines and microvesicles) which guide the surrounding tissue response, and that remote control of this signalling process using magnetic ion channel activation technology may be a useful way to both drive and regulate tissue regeneration and healing.

中文翻译：

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使用纳米粒子在人间充质干细胞中TREK1的磁离子通道激活可促进周围细胞的成骨作用。

磁离子通道激活技术使用与靶向抗体缀合的超顺磁纳米颗粒，将机械力直接施加到细胞表面上被拉伸激活的离子通道，从而刺激机械转导和下游过程。据报道，该技术可促进向骨骼肌细胞类型的分化并增强矿化作用。先前的研究表明，向矿化前的环境（如胎儿小鸡骨epi）中注射间充质干细胞如何在目标部位导致大规模成骨。但是，干细胞和周围宿主组织的相对贡献尚未得到解决，也就是说，间充质干细胞仅负责观察到的矿化作用，还是机械刺激的间充质干细胞还促进宿主组织矿化反应？为了解决这个问题，我们建立了一种新颖的二维共培养测定法，该测定法表明人间充质干细胞的磁离子通道激活刺激不会显着促进迁移，但会增强胶原蛋白在周围细胞中的沉积和矿化。我们得出结论，注射的人间充质干细胞的重要功能之一是释放可指导周围组织反应的生物因子（例如，细胞因子和微囊泡），