In schema therapy, modes are proposed as a key concept and main target for treatment of personality disorders. The present study aimed to assess a comprehensive set of 20 modes, to explore their higher-order structure, and to link the mode factors to the generic schema factor and basic personality traits. The sample consisted of N = 533 inpatients. Earlier versions of the Schema Mode Inventory (SMI, SMI-2) were merged into the German Extended SMI (GE-SMI). Item-level confirmatory factor analyses indicated that the structure of 16 out of 20 GE-SMI scales might be unidimensional. Scale-level exploratory factor analysis revealed three hierarchically structured mode factors: internalization, externalization, and compulsivity. Regressing mode factor scores on the Big Five factors and the generic schema factor supported the validity of the mode factors. The hierarchical structure of modes will be linked to the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology, and implications for case conceptualization and treatment will be discussed.

中文翻译：

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模式模式的高阶结构。

在图式疗法中，模式被提出作为治疗人格障碍的关键概念和主要目标。本研究旨在评估20种模式的综合集合，探索它们的高阶结构，并将模式因素与通用图式因素和基本人格特质联系起来。该样本由N = 533名住院患者组成。模式模式清单的早期版本（SMI，SMI-2）已合并到德语扩展SMI（GE-SMI）中。项目级别的验证性因素分析表明，在20个GE-SMI量表中，有16个的结构可能是一维的。规模水平的探索性因素分析揭示了三个层次结构的模式因素：内部化，外部化和强制性。四大因子和通用模式因子的回归模式因子得分支持了模式因子的有效性。