ABSTRACT Popularity of electronic cigarettes (ECIGs) has increased tremendously among young people, in part due to flavoring additives in ECIG liquids. Pyrazines are an important class of these additives, and their presence in tobacco cigarettes has been correlated with increased acceptability of smoking among smokers and bystanders. Pyrazine use by the tobacco industry is therefore thought to encourage smoking. However, the extent of transfer of pyrazines present in the liquid to aerosols upon vaping remains unclear. We present a simple analytical method to quantify six pyrazine derivatives in liquids and aerosols of ECIGs that allows the isolation of pyrazines from interfering compounds, like nicotine. Standard pyrazine solutions and commercial ECIG samples of different brands and flavors were tested for their pyrazine content in the liquids and in the generated aerosols from these solutions. Testing on ECIG commercial liquids revealed a heterogeneous distribution in the levels and types of pyrazines, with acetyl and alkyl pyrazines present in more than 70% of the samples. This method confirmed that pyrazine additives are common in ECIG and that labels do not usually reflect the type and quantity of pyrazines in the liquid. Pyrazines were not correlated with the nicotine content or the brand of the liquid. The aerosols showed similar pyrazine profiles to their corresponding liquids. The efficiency of transfer of pyrazines into the particle phase was approximately 46%. Therefore, addition of pyrazines to ECIGs should be regulated, because they act synergistically with nicotine to increase product appeal, ease smoking initiation, and discourage cessation. Copyright © 2018 American Association for Aerosol Research

中文翻译：

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吡嗪在电子烟调味液中的命运

摘要 电子烟 (ECIG) 在年轻人中的受欢迎程度大幅增加，部分原因是 ECIG 液体中的调味添加剂。吡嗪是一类重要的添加剂，它们在卷烟中的存在与吸烟者和旁观者对吸烟的接受程度的提高有关。因此，烟草业使用吡嗪被认为会鼓励吸烟。然而，液体中存在的吡嗪在吸电子烟时转移到气溶胶的程度仍不清楚。我们提出了一种简单的分析方法来量化 ECIG 液体和气溶胶中的六种吡嗪衍生物，从而可以将吡嗪与尼古丁等干扰化合物分离。测试了标准吡嗪溶液和不同品牌和口味的商业 ECIG 样品在液体中以及这些溶液产生的气溶胶中的吡嗪含量。对 ECIG 商业液体的测试显示，吡嗪的含量和类型分布不均匀，超过 70% 的样品中存在乙酰基和烷基吡嗪。该方法证实吡嗪添加剂在 ECIG 中很常见，并且标签通常不反映液体中吡嗪的类型和数量。吡嗪与尼古丁含量或液体品牌无关。气溶胶显示出与其相应液体相似的吡嗪分布。吡嗪转移至颗粒相的效率约为46%。因此，在 ECIG 中添加吡嗪类药物应该受到监管，因为它们与尼古丁具有协同作用，可以增加产品吸引力、缓解吸烟的开始并阻止戒烟。版权所有 © 2018 美国气溶胶研究协会