Calls for humanity to ‘reconnect to nature’ have grown increasingly louder from both scholars and civil society. Yet, there is relatively little coherence about what reconnecting to nature means, why it should happen and how it can be achieved. We present a conceptual framework to organise existing literature and direct future research on human–nature connections. Five types of connections to nature are identified: material, experiential, cognitive, emotional, and philosophical. These various types have been presented as causes, consequences, or treatments of social and environmental problems. From this conceptual base, we discuss how reconnecting people with nature can function as a treatment for the global environmental crisis. Adopting a social–ecological systems perspective, we draw upon the emerging concept of ‘leverage points’—places in complex systems to intervene to generate change—and explore examples of how actions to reconnect people with nature can help transform society towards sustainability.

中文翻译：

---

与自然重新建立联系以实现可持续发展。

学者和民间社会都呼吁人类“重返自然”。然而，与自然重新联系意味着什么，为什么应该发生以及如何实现这一点的相关性相对较少。我们提出了一个概念框架来组织现有文献并指导人与自然之间联系的未来研究。确定了与自然的五种联系：物质的，体验的，认知的，情感的和哲学的。这些各种类型已作为社会，环境问题的原因，后果或处理方式提出。从这个概念的基础上，我们讨论了如何使人与自然重新联系如何应对全球环境危机。采用社会生态系统的观点，