Adaptation tracking seeks to characterize, monitor, and compare general trends in climate change adaptation over time and across nations. Recognized as essential for evaluating adaptation progress, there have been few attempts to develop systematic approaches for tracking adaptation. This is reflected in polarized opinions, contradictory findings, and lack of understanding on the state of adaptation globally. In this paper, we outline key methodological considerations necessary for adaptation tracking research to produce systematic, rigorous, comparable, and usable insights that can capture the current state of adaptation globally, provide the basis for characterizing and evaluating adaptations taking place, facilitate examination of what conditions explain differences in adaptation action across jurisdictions, and can underpin the monitoring of change in adaptation over time. Specifically, we argue that approaches to adaptation tracking need to (i) utilize a consistent and operational conceptualization of adaptation, (ii) focus on comparable units of analysis, (iii) use and develop comprehensive datasets on adaptation action, and (iv) be coherent with our understanding of what constitutes real adaptation. Collectively, these form the 4Cs of adaptation tracking (consistency, comparability, comprehensiveness, and coherency).

中文翻译：

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适应跟踪的4C：一致性，可比性，全面性，一致性。

适应跟踪旨在表征，监测和比较一段时间内以及整个国家气候变化适应的总体趋势。被公认为是评估适应进展必不可少的，几乎没有尝试开发系统的方法来跟踪适应的方法。这反映在两极化的意见，矛盾的发现以及对全球适应状况的缺乏理解上。在本文中，我们概述了适应性跟踪研究产生系统的，严格的，可比较的和可用的见解所必需的关键方法学考虑，这些见解可以全面捕获适应性的当前状态，为表征和评估正在发生的适应性提供基础，便于检查哪些内容条件解释了不同司法管辖区在适应行动上的差异，并且可以支持对适应性随时间变化的监视。具体而言，我们认为适应跟踪的方法需要（i）利用一致的和可操作的适应概念，（ii）专注于可比的分析单位，（iii）使用和开发有关适应行动的综合数据集，以及（iv）与我们对构成真正适应的理解保持一致。这些共同构成了适应跟踪的4C（一致性，可比性，全面性和一致性）。（iv）与我们对构成真正适应的理解保持一致。这些共同构成了适应跟踪的4C（一致性，可比性，全面性和一致性）。（iv）与我们对构成真正适应的理解保持一致。这些共同构成了适应跟踪的4C（一致性，可比性，全面性和一致性）。