ABSTRACT Copper smelter flue dust is a residue, rich in zinc, originating from the pyrometallurgical process of copper, and constitutes a potential raw material for zinc production. In order to valorise this waste by hydrometallurgical processes, its leaching with sulphuric acid at constant pH is studied. Experimental conditions (temperature, pH, and pulp density) are optimised by design of experiments in order to maximise Zn and Cu extractions while minimising the leaching of Fe. The experimental results are fitted to a full-quadratic second-order equation model by applying multiple regression analysis for extractions of Zn, Cu, and Fe. In order to determine the optimum conditions, the response surfaces are overlaid and the intersection of the plot of the three responses identifies conditions of pH and pulp density that satisfy recoveries of Zn higher than 95%, recoveries of Cu around 70%, and Fe extractions lower than 35%. Under the best conditions, that is, pH = 2, 10% of pulp density, and at 25°C, a liquor rich in zinc and copper, and a lead concentrate are obtained. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

中文翻译：

---

从铜冶炼厂烟道粉尘中回收锌和铜。硫酸浸出的优化

摘要 铜冶炼烟道粉尘是一种富含锌的残留物，来源于铜的火法冶金过程，是生产锌的潜在原料。为了通过湿法冶金过程对这些废物进行评估，研究了在恒定 pH 值下用硫酸浸出。实验条件（温度、pH 值和纸浆密度）通过实验设计进行优化，以最大限度地提高锌和铜的提取量，同时最大限度地减少铁的浸出。通过对Zn、Cu和Fe的提取应用多元回归分析，将实验结果拟合到全二次二阶方程模型。为了确定最佳条件，响应面重叠，三个响应图的交点确定了满足 Zn 回收率高于 95%、Cu 回收率约 70% 和 Fe 提取率低于 35% 的 pH 值和纸浆密度条件。在最佳条件下，即pH=2，纸浆密度的10%，在25°C下，得到富含锌和铜的溶液和铅精矿。图形概要