ArgumentThis paper examines some of the ways that machines, mechanisms, and the new mechanics were treated in post-World War I discourse. Spengler's 1919Decline of the Westand Hessen's 1931 study of Newton have usually been tied closely to Weimar culture in Germany, and Soviet politics. Linking them also to the writings of Rathenau, Simmel, Chase, Mumford, Hayek, and others, as well as to Dada and film studies of the city will indicate central features of a wide-ranging, international discourse on the machine and mechanization. I argue that machines were so thoroughly integrated into social and economic experience that we can treat this as a distinctive new phase in the cultural history of mechanics, what some contemporaries called the “machine age”: a period in which rather than the hand mill or steam engine, the city stands as an appropriate realization (and sometimes symbol) of the significance but also ambiguities and tensions of mechanical life; and concepts of mechanization were extended to encompass the economy and market mechanisms.

中文翻译：

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作为机器时代的两次世界大战期间：力学、机器、机制和话语市场

论点本文探讨了在第一次世界大战后的论述中处理机器、机制和新机制的一些方式。斯宾格勒 1919西方的衰落黑森州 1931 年对牛顿的研究通常与德国的魏玛文化和苏联政治密切相关。将它们与拉特瑙、齐美尔、蔡斯、芒福德、哈耶克等人的著作以及达达主义和城市的电影研究联系起来，将表明关于机器和机械化的广泛国际话语的核心特征。我认为机器已经彻底融入社会和经济经验，我们可以将其视为机械文化史上一个独特的新阶段，即一些同时代人所说的“机器时代”：在这个时代，不是手磨或蒸汽机，城市是对意义的适当实现（有时是象征），也是机械生活的模棱两可和紧张；