The idea of sustainability is intrinsically normative. Thus, understanding the role of normativity in sustainability discourses is crucial for further developing sustainability science. In this article, we analyze three important documents that aim to advance sustainability and explore how they organize norms in relation to sustainability. The three documents are: the Pope’s Encyclical Laudato Si’, the Sustainable Development Goals and the Paris Agreement. We show that understanding the role of different types of norms in the three documents can help understand normative features of both scientific and non-scientific sustainability discourses. We present the diverse system of norms in a model that interrelates three different levels: macro, meso, and micro. Our model highlights how several processes affect the normative orientation of nations and societies at the meso-level in different ways. For instance, individual ethical norms at the micro-level, such as personal responsibility, may help decelerate unsustainable consumerism at the aggregate meso-level. We also show that techno-scientific norms at the macro-level representing global indicators for sustainability may accelerate innovations. We suggest that our model can help better organize normative features of sustainability discourses and, therefore, to contribute to the further development of sustainability science.

中文翻译：

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可持续性规范性建模：可持续发展目标、巴黎协定和教皇通谕的比较。

可持续性的理念本质上是规范的。因此，理解规范性在可持续发展话语中的作用对于进一步发展可持续发展科学至关重要。在本文中，我们分析了三个旨在促进可持续发展的重要文件，并探讨了它们如何组织与可持续发展相关的规范。这三份文件是：教皇通谕《愿你受赞颂》、可持续发展目标和《巴黎协定》。我们表明，理解这三个文件中不同类型规范的作用可以帮助理解科学和非科学可持续性话语的规范特征。我们在一个模型中呈现了多样化的规范体系，该模型将三个不同层面相互关联：宏观、中观和微观。我们的模型强调了几个过程如何以不同的方式影响中观层面的国家和社会的规范取向。例如，微观层面的个人道德规范（例如个人责任）可能有助于在总体中观层面减缓不可持续的消费主义。我们还表明，代表全球可持续性指标的宏观技术科学规范可能会加速创新。我们建议我们的模型可以帮助更好地组织可持续发展话语的规范特征，从而为可持续发展科学的进一步发展做出贡献。