Increasing agricultural production to meet the growing demand for food whilst reducing agricultural greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions is the major challenge under the changing climate. To develop long-term policies that address these challenges, strategies are needed to identify high-yield low-emission pathways for particular agricultural production systems. In this paper, we used bio-physical and socio-economic models to analyze the impact of different management practices on crop yield and emissions in two contrasting agricultural production systems of the Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP) of India. The result revealed the importance of considering both management and socio-economic factors in the development of high-yield low-emission pathways for cereal production systems. Nitrogen use rate and frequency of application, tillage and residue management and manure application significantly affected GHG emissions from the cereal systems. In addition, various socio-economic factors such as gender, level of education, training on climate change adaptation and mitigation and access to information significantly influenced the adoption of technologies contributing to high-yield low-emission pathways. We discussed the policy implications of these findings in the context of food security and climate change.

中文翻译：

---

确定南亚谷物生产的高产低排放途径。

在不断变化的气候下，增加农业生产以满足不断增长的食品需求，同时减少农业温室气体（GHG）的排放是主要的挑战。为了制定应对这些挑战的长期政策，需要制定战略来确定特定农业生产系统的高产低排放途径。在本文中，我们使用了生物物理和社会经济模型来分析印度印度恒河平原（IGP）两种截然不同的农业生产系统中不同管理措施对作物产量和排放的影响。结果表明，在开发谷物生产系统的高产低排放途径时，必须同时考虑管理因素和社会经济因素。氮的使用率和施用频率，耕作和残留物管理以及肥料的施用显着影响了谷物系统的温室气体排放。此外，各种社会经济因素，例如性别，教育水平，气候变化适应和减缓的培训以及获取信息的机会，都极大地影响了有助于高产低排放途径的技术的采用。我们在粮食安全和气候变化的背景下讨论了这些发现的政策含义。