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Thrips counts and disease incidence in response to reflective particle films and conservation tillage in cotton and peanut cropping systems
Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata ( IF 1.9 ) Pub Date : 2017-01-01 , DOI: 10.1111/eea.12523
Ian A Knight 1 , Glen C Rains 1 , Albert K Culbreath 2 , Michael D Toews 1
Affiliation  

Feeding damage to seedling cotton and peanut inflicted by adult and immature thrips may result in stunted growth and delayed maturity. Furthermore, adult thrips can transmit Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) to seedling peanut, which reduces plant growth and yield. The objective of this research was to assess the efficacy of inert particle films, calcium carbonate or kaolin, in combination with conservation tillage, to reduce adult and immature thrips counts in cotton and peanut crops. Planting cotton or peanut into strip tillage utilizing a rolled rye winter cover crop significantly reduced immature thrips counts. Furthermore, plant damage ratings in cotton as well as TSWV incidence in peanut significantly decreased under conservation tillage. Aboveground cotton biomass and plant stand in cotton and peanut were unaffected by calcium carbonate or kaolin particle film applications. Within each week, immature thrips counts were unaffected by particle films, regardless of application rate. In cotton plots treated with kaolin, total Frankliniella fusca (Hinds) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) counts summed across weeks were significantly greater compared to the untreated control. For adult F. fusca counts at 3 weeks after planting, an interaction between tillage and particle film treatments was observed with fewer adult thrips in particle film and strip tillage treated peanut. Similarly, reduced TSWV incidence was observed in particle film‐treated peanut grown using conservation tillage. Neither cotton nor peanut yields were affected by particle film treatments.

中文翻译:

棉花和花生种植系统中反光颗粒膜和保护性耕作对蓟马计数和发病率的响应

成虫和未成熟蓟马对幼苗棉花和花生造成的饲养损害可能导致生长发育迟缓和成熟延迟。此外,成年蓟马可以将番茄斑萎病毒 (TSWV) 传播给幼苗花生,从而降低植物生长和产量。本研究的目的是评估惰性颗粒薄膜、碳酸钙或高岭土与保护性耕作相结合,以减少棉花和花生作物中成虫和未成熟蓟马数量的功效。利用轧制的黑麦冬季覆盖作物将棉花或花生种植到条带耕作中,显着减少了未成熟的蓟马数量。此外,在保护性耕作下,棉花的植物损害等级和花生的 TSWV 发病率显着降低。地上棉花生物量和棉花和花生中的植株不受碳酸钙或高岭土颗粒膜应用的影响。在每周内,无论施用率如何,未成熟的蓟马数量都不受颗粒膜的影响。在用高岭土处理的棉花地块中,与未处理的对照相比,跨周总和的 Frankliniella fusca (Hinds) (缨翅目:蓟马科) 计数显着更高。对于种植后 3 周的成年镰刀菌计数,观察到耕作和颗粒膜处理之间的相互作用,颗粒膜和条耕处理的花生中成虫蓟马较少。同样,在使用保护性耕作种植的颗粒膜处理花生中观察到 TSWV 发生率降低。棉花和花生产量均不受颗粒膜处理的影响。在每周内,无论施用率如何,未成熟的蓟马数量都不受颗粒膜的影响。在用高岭土处理的棉花地块中,与未处理的对照相比,跨周总和的 Frankliniella fusca (Hinds) (缨翅目:蓟马科) 计数显着更高。对于种植后 3 周的成年镰刀菌计数,观察到耕作和颗粒膜处理之间的相互作用,颗粒膜和条耕处理的花生中成虫蓟马较少。同样,在使用保护性耕作种植的颗粒膜处理花生中观察到 TSWV 发生率降低。棉花和花生产量均不受颗粒膜处理的影响。在每周内,无论施用率如何,未成熟的蓟马数量都不受颗粒膜的影响。在用高岭土处理的棉花地块中,与未处理的对照相比,跨周总和的 Frankliniella fusca (Hinds) (缨翅目:蓟马科) 计数显着更高。对于种植后 3 周的成年镰刀菌计数,观察到耕作和颗粒膜处理之间的相互作用,颗粒膜和条耕处理的花生中成虫蓟马较少。同样,在使用保护性耕作种植的颗粒膜处理花生中观察到 TSWV 发生率降低。棉花和花生产量均不受颗粒膜处理的影响。与未处理的对照相比,跨周总和的 Frankliniella fusca (Hinds) (缨翅目:蓟马科) 计数显着更高。对于种植后 3 周的成年镰刀菌计数,观察到耕作和颗粒膜处理之间的相互作用,颗粒膜和条耕处理的花生中成虫蓟马较少。同样,在使用保护性耕作种植的颗粒膜处理花生中观察到 TSWV 发生率降低。棉花和花生产量均不受颗粒膜处理的影响。与未处理的对照相比,跨周总和的 Frankliniella fusca (Hinds) (缨翅目:蓟马科) 计数显着更高。对于种植后 3 周的成年镰刀菌计数,观察到耕作和颗粒膜处理之间的相互作用,颗粒膜和条耕处理的花生中成虫蓟马较少。同样,在使用保护性耕作种植的颗粒膜处理花生中观察到 TSWV 发生率降低。棉花和花生产量均不受颗粒膜处理的影响。同样,在使用保护性耕作种植的颗粒膜处理花生中观察到 TSWV 发生率降低。棉花和花生产量均不受颗粒膜处理的影响。同样,在使用保护性耕作种植的颗粒膜处理花生中观察到 TSWV 发生率降低。棉花和花生产量均不受颗粒膜处理的影响。
更新日期:2017-01-01
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