Leaf-stripe smuts on grasses are a highly polyphyletic group within Ustilaginomycotina, occurring in three genera, Tilletia, Urocystis, and Ustilago. Currently more than 12 Ustilago species inciting stripe smuts are recognised. The majority belong to the Ustilago striiformis-complex, with about 30 different taxa described from 165 different plant species. This study aims to assess whether host distinct-lineages can be observed amongst the Ustilago leaf-stripe smuts using nine different loci on a representative set. Phylogenetic reconstructions supported the monophyly of the Ustilago striiformis-complex that causes leaf-stripe and the polyphyly of other leaf-stripe smuts within Ustilago. Furthermore, smut specimens from the same host genus generally clustered together in well-supported clades that often had available species names for these lineages. In addition to already-named lineages, three new lineages were observed, and described as new species on the basis of host specificity and molecular differences: namely Ustilago jagei sp. nov. on Agrostis stolonifera, U. kummeri sp. nov. on Bromus inermis, and U. neocopinata sp. nov. on Dactylis glomerata.

中文翻译：

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引起叶条黑穗病的Ustilago物种再次被发现。

草上的条带状黑穗病是Ustilaginomycotina内的一个高度多族群，发生在三个属Tilletia，Urocystis和Ustilago中。目前，已识别出超过12种引起条纹黑穗病的Ustilago物种。多数属于复杂的Ustilago striiformis，从165种不同的植物物种中描述了大约30种不同的分类单元。这项研究旨在评估是否可以使用代表集上的9个不同基因座在Ustilago叶片条带黑穗病中观察到宿主不同谱系。系统发育重建支持Ustilago striiformis-complex的单性，这导致叶条纹和Ustilago中其他叶条纹菌丝的复性。此外，来自同一寄主属的黑穗病标本通常聚集在支撑良好的进化枝中，进化枝通常具有这些谱系的可用种名。除了已经命名的谱系外，还观察到三个新谱系，并根据宿主特异性和分子差异将其描述为新物种：Ustilago jagei sp。十一月 在U. kummeri sp。的Agrostis stolonifera上。十一月 在无花果上和U. neocopinata sp。上。十一月 在Dactylis glomerata。