OBJECTIVE Using Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI), to investigate microstructural white matter differences between ADHD and typically developing children (TDC), and their association with inhibition and working memory performance usually impaired in ADHD. METHOD Fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) were estimated in 36 noncomorbid children with a Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed., text rev.; DSM-IV-TR) diagnosis of combined type ADHD and 20 TDC. Correlations between FA/MD and Stop Signal Task and N-Back performance parameters were computed. RESULTS Working memory performance was significantly associated with MD in the superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF) and the cingulum in the ADHD group. No between-group differences in FA/MD reached significance, after controlling for between-group head motion differences. CONCLUSION The association between white matter integrity in the cingulum and the SLF and working memory performance confirms previous studies. Our results also show that when critical conditions are controlled (age, comorbidity, head motion), no ADHD-related structural abnormality (FA/MD) are observed, in line with prior suggestions.

中文翻译：

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多动症儿童的白色物质异常与神经心理测验之间的关系。

目的使用弥散张量成像（DTI）研究ADHD与典型发育中儿童（TDC）之间的微结构白质差异，以及它们与ADHD中通常受到抑制的抑制和工作记忆性能的关系。方法使用《精神障碍诊断和统计手册》（第4版，文字修订； DSM-IV-TR）诊断合并ADHD和20 TDC的类型，评估36名非合并症患儿的分数各向异性（FA）和平均扩散率（MD）。 。计算FA / MD与停止信号任务和N向后性能参数之间的相关性。结果ADHD组的上纵筋膜（SLF）和扣带的工作记忆性能与MD显着相关。FA / MD组间差异未达到显着水平，在控制组间头部运动差异之后。结论扣带和SLF中白质完整性与工作记忆性能之间的关联证实了先前的研究。我们的结果还表明，当控制关键条件（年龄，合并症，头部运动）时，未观察到与ADHD相关的结构异常（FA / MD），与先前的建议一致。