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Landscape configuration affects herbivore-parasitoid communities in oilseed rape.
Journal of Pest Science ( IF 4.8 ) Pub Date : 2018-02-24 , DOI: 10.1007/s10340-018-0965-1
Josef S Berger 1 , Klaus Birkhofer 1, 2, 3 , Helena I Hanson 2 , Katarina Hedlund 1, 2
Affiliation  

It is crucial to consider the effects of large-scale drivers on species presences and ecological interactions to understand what structures communities. In our study, we investigated how the species composition and the potential interaction networks of herbivore and parasitoid communities in oilseed rape fields are affected by agricultural landscape characteristics. Insect communities of 26 winter oilseed rape fields in southern Sweden were captured in water traps over a continuous time span of 30 ± 2 days. In total, 31% of the variation in the composition of herbivore host communities was explained by a combination of the surrounding oilseed rape area in the study year and the previous year and distance to the nearest forest. The oilseed rape area in the study year and distance to forest also explained 14% of the variation in the composition of parasitoid communities. Distance to the nearest forest together with the area of oilseed rape in the previous year explained 45% of the variation in asymmetry of interaction webs. These results indicate that several measures of landscape configuration are important both for the composition of host and parasitoid communities and also for the structure of interaction networks. Our results support the view that it is an appropriate strategy to cultivate oilseed rape in landscapes that are far away from forests, in order to minimize recolonization by pest species and at the same time to attract parasitoid species from the open landscape.

中文翻译:

景观配置影响油菜中的草食动物-类寄生生物群落。

至关重要的是要考虑大规模驱动因素对物种存在和生态相互作用的影响,以了解群落的结构。在我们的研究中,我们调查了油菜田中草食动物和类寄生动物群落的物种组成以及潜在的相互作用网络如何受到农业景观特征的影响。在连续30到2天的时间里,在瑞典南部的26个冬季油菜田中的昆虫群落被捕获在集水器中。总体而言,草食动物寄主群落组成的变化中有31%是由研究年份和上一年周围的油菜面积和距最近森林的距离共同构成的。研究年份的油菜面积和距森林的距离也解释了14%的寄生虫群落组成变化。到最近的森林的距离以及上一年的油菜面积解释了相互作用网不对称性变化的45%。这些结果表明,景观配置的几种措施对于寄主和寄生生物群落的组成以及相互作用网络的结构都很重要。我们的结果支持这样一种观点:在远离森林的景观中种植油菜是一种适当的策略,以最大程度地减少有害生物物种的重新定殖并同时从开放的景观中吸引类寄生虫物种。到最近的森林的距离以及上一年的油菜面积解释了相互作用网不对称性变化的45%。这些结果表明,景观配置的几种措施对于寄主和寄生生物群落的组成以及相互作用网络的结构都很重要。我们的结果支持这样一种观点:在远离森林的景观中种植油菜是一种适当的策略,以最大程度地减少有害生物物种的重新定殖并同时从开阔的景观中吸引寄生性物种。到最近的森林的距离以及上一年的油菜面积解释了相互作用网不对称性变化的45%。这些结果表明,景观配置的几种措施对于寄主和寄生生物群落的组成以及相互作用网络的结构都很重要。我们的结果支持这样一种观点:在远离森林的景观中种植油菜是一种适当的策略,以最大程度地减少有害生物物种的重新定殖并同时从开阔的景观中吸引寄生性物种。这些结果表明,景观配置的几种措施对于寄主和寄生生物群落的组成以及相互作用网络的结构都很重要。我们的结果支持这样一种观点:在远离森林的景观中种植油菜是一种适当的策略,以最大程度地减少有害生物物种的重新定殖并同时从开阔的景观中吸引寄生性物种。这些结果表明,景观配置的几种措施对于寄主和寄生生物群落的组成以及相互作用网络的结构都很重要。我们的结果支持这样一种观点:在远离森林的景观中种植油菜是一种适当的策略,以最大程度地减少有害生物物种的重新定殖并同时从开阔的景观中吸引寄生性物种。
更新日期:2018-02-24
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