Background

Per- and polyfluorinated chemicals (PFC) do not occur naturally in the environment and are, therefore, of anthropogenic origin. As a consequence of their wide range of everyday applications and their extreme persistence in the environment, PFC have become ubiquitous in nature and can, therefore, be detected in groundwater as well as in many other environmental matrices. The German States’ Water and Soil Consortia have compiled ‘significance thresholds’ (GFS) to assess groundwater contaminated with PFC. The GFS serve as criteria for the decision whether actions to remediate polluted groundwater are necessary. Thirteen of these PFC had been detected in groundwater at levels above their limit of quantitation and were assigned first priority.

Results

The data regarding human health effects were sufficient to derive guide values according to the criteria of the German Drinking Water Ordinance for 7 of the 13 first-priority PFC. With regard to available ecotoxicological data, predicted no-effect concentration values from official risk assessments existed for 2 of the 13 first-priority PFC. A predicted no-effect concentration for protection of the aquatic biocenosis could be derived for eight more substances.

Conclusions

After evaluation of data from available literature regarding both human health and ecotoxicological effects, significance thresholds ranging from 0.06 to 10.0 µg/L could be derived for 7 of the 13 priority PFC in groundwater. As a practical guide valid solely for human health-based values, a summation rule was proposed for exposures to mixtures of these seven PFC.

中文翻译：

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评估受污染地下水的重要性阈值：全氟和多氟化学品。

背景

全氟化物和多氟化物 (PFC) 不会在环境中自然产生，因此是人为来源。由于其广泛的日常应用及其在环境中的极端持久性，PFC 在自然界中已变得无处不在，因此可以在地下水以及许多其他环境基质中检测到。德国水和土壤联合会编制了“显着阈值”(GFS) 来评估地下水受全氟化合物污染。GFS 是决定是否需要采取行动修复受污染地下水的标准。其中 13 种 PFC 已在地下水中检测到，其含量超出了其定量限度，因此被列为优先处理对象。

结果

根据德国饮用水条例的标准，有关人类健康影响的数据足以得出 13 种首要 PFC 中 7 种的指导值。关于现有的生态毒理学数据，13 种首要 PFC 中的 2 种存在来自官方风险评估的预测无影响浓度值。可以推导出另外八种物质的预测无作用浓度，以保护水生生物群落。

结论

对现有文献中有关人类健康和生态毒理学影响的数据进行评估后，可以得出地下水中 13 种优先 PFC 中的 7 种的显着性阈值范围为 0.06 至 10.0 µg/L。作为仅对基于人类健康的价值观有效的实用指南，针对这七种 PFC 的混合物的暴露提出了求和规则。