The specification of workloads is required in order to evaluate performance characteristics of application systems using load testing and model-based performance prediction. Defining workload specifications that represent the real workload as accurately as possible is one of the biggest challenges in both areas. To overcome this challenge, this paper presents an approach that aims to automate the extraction and transformation of workload specifications for load testing and model-based performance prediction of session-based application systems. The approach (WESSBAS) comprises three main components. First, a system- and tool-agnostic domain-specific language (DSL) allows the layered modeling of workload specifications of session-based systems. Second, instances of this DSL are automatically extracted from recorded session logs of production systems. Third, these instances are transformed into executable workload specifications of load generation tools and model-based performance evaluation tools. We present transformations to the common load testing tool Apache JMeter and to the Palladio Component Model. Our approach is evaluated using the industry-standard benchmark SPECjEnterprise2010 and the World Cup 1998 access logs. Workload-specific characteristics (e.g., session lengths and arrival rates) and performance characteristics (e.g., response times and CPU utilizations) show that the extracted workloads match the measured workloads with high accuracy.

中文翻译：

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WESSBAS：提取用于负载测试和性能预测的概率工作负载规范 - 用于基于会话的应用程序系统的模型驱动方法。


为了使用负载测试和基于模型的性能预测来评估应用程序系统的性能特征，需要指定工作负载。定义尽可能准确地代表实际工作负载的工作负载规范是这两个领域的最大挑战之一。为了克服这一挑战，本文提出了一种方法，旨在自动提取和转换工作负载规范，以进行基于会话的应用程序系统的负载测试和基于模型的性能预测。该方法 (WESSBAS) 包含三个主要组成部分。首先，与系统和工具无关的领域特定语言 (DSL) 允许对基于会话的系统的工作负载规范进行分层建模。其次，该 DSL 的实例是从生产系统记录的会话日志中自动提取的。第三，将这些实例转化为负载生成工具和基于模型的性能评估工具的可执行工作负载规范。我们介绍了对常见负载测试工具 Apache JMeter 和 Palladio 组件模型的转换。我们的方法使用行业标准基准 SPECjEnterprise2010 和 1998 年世界杯访问日志进行评估。特定于工作负载的特征（例如，会话长度和到达率）和性能特征（例如，响应时间和CPU利用率）表明，提取的工作负载与测量的工作负载高度匹配。