The addition of pyrogenic organic matter (PyOM), the aromatic carbon-rich product of the incomplete combustion of plant biomass or fossil fuels, to soil can influence the rate of microbial metabolism of native soil carbon. The interaction of soil heterotrophs with PyOM may be governed by the surficial chemical and physical properties of PyOM that evolve with environmental exposure. We present results of a 36-day laboratory incubation investigating the interaction of a common white-rot fungus, Trametes versicolor, with three forms of 13C-enriched (2.08 atom% 13C) PyOM derived from Pinus ponderosa (450 °C): one freshly produced, and two artificially weathered (254 nm, UV light-water treatment and water-leaching alone). Analysis (FTIR, XPS) of the UV-weathered PyOM showed increased aliphatic C-H content and oxidation of aromatic carbon relative to both the original and water-leached PyOM. The addition of both weathered forms of PyOM stimulated (positively primed) fungal respiration of the growth media, while the unaltered PyOM mildly inhibited (negatively primed) respiration. Artificial weathering resulted in higher oxidative (laccase and peroxidase) enzyme activity than unaltered PyOM, possibly the result of a diminished capacity to bind reactive substrates and extracellular enzymes after weathering. However, and contrary to expectations, simple water-leached weathering resulted in a relatively higher enzyme activity and respiration than that of UV-weathering. The 13C content of respired CO2 indicated negligible fungal oxidation of PyOM for all treatments, demonstrating the overall low microbial reactivity of this high temperature PyOM. The increased enzymatic and positive priming response of T. versicolor to weathered PyOM highlights the importance of weathering-induced chemistry in controlling PyOM-microbe-soil carbon interactions.

中文翻译：

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单培养接种实验中热解有机物的风化诱导真菌氧化酶反应

向土壤中添加热解有机物质 (PyOM)，即植物生物质或化石燃料不完全燃烧的富含芳香碳的产物，可影响原生土壤碳的微生物代谢速率。土壤异养生物与 PyOM 的相互作用可能受 PyOM 表面化学和物理特性的控制，这些特性随环境暴露而演变。我们展示了 36 天实验室孵化的结果，研究了一种常见的白腐真菌，花斑栓菌与三种形式的 13C 富集（2.08 原子% 13C）PyOM 的相互作用，这些 PyOM 来自黄松（450°C）：一种新鲜的生产，和两个人工风化（254 nm，紫外线水处理和单独的水浸出）。分析（FTIR，与原始 PyOM 和水浸出的 PyOM 相比，UV 风化 PyOM 的 XPS）显示出增加的脂肪族 CH 含量和芳族碳的氧化。两种风化形式的 PyOM 的添加刺激（正引发）生长培养基的真菌呼吸，而未改变的 PyOM 轻度抑制（负引发）呼吸。人工风化导致比未改变的 PyOM 更高的氧化（漆酶和过氧化物酶）酶活性，这可能是风化后结合反应性底物和细胞外酶的能力降低的结果。然而，与预期相反，简单的水浸风化导致比紫外线风化相对更高的酶活性和呼吸作用。呼吸的 CO2 的 13C 含量表明所有处理中 PyOM 的真菌氧化都可以忽略不计，证明了这种高温 PyOM 的总体微生物反应性较低。T. versicolor 对风化 PyOM 的酶促和正向启动响应增加，突出了风化诱导化学在控制 PyOM-微生物-土壤碳相互作用中的重要性。