ArgumentFranco's fascist regime in Spain (1939-1975) offers the possibility of exploring the complex relationship between media communication practices and the processes of production, circulation, and management of knowledge. The regime persistently used film, and later on television, as indoctrination and disciplining devices. These media thus served to shape the regime's representation, which largely relied on the generation of positive attitudes of adherence to the rulers through people's submission and obedience to experts. This article examines the changing nature of modernization discourses and practices, as a fundamental element of the regime's propaganda strategies, and as portrayed in documentaries produced under its rule. The rhetoric of modernization involved an explicit deficit model of knowledge management, which aimed at legitimating the regime's deeds and policies in its first decades, as we shall see regarding colonial-medical documentaries produced for the official newsreel in the 1940s. However, the focus of such rhetoric, despite its enduring political aims, had to somehow open up as the relationship between experts and non-experts changed, both in epistemological and practical terms, such as in wildlife documentary films produced for television in the 1970s, the regime's last decade.

中文翻译：

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纪录片中现代化话语的变迁本质

ArgumentFranco 在西班牙的法西斯政权（1939-1975）提供了探索媒体传播实践与知识生产、流通和管理过程之间复杂关系的可能性。该政权坚持使用电影，后来在电视上，作为灌输和惩戒的手段。因此，这些媒体塑造了政权的代表性，这在很大程度上依赖于通过人们对专家的服从和服从而产生对统治者的积极态度。本文考察了现代化话语和实践不断变化的性质，作为该政权宣传策略的基本要素，并在其统治下制作的纪录片中有所描述。现代化的修辞涉及知识管理的明确缺陷模型，其目的是使该政权在其最初几十年的行为和政策合法化，正如我们将在 1940 年代为官方新闻短片制作的殖民医学纪录片中看到的那样。然而，这种言论的焦点，尽管其具有持久的政治目的，但随着专家和非专家之间的关系在认识论和实践方面发生了变化，例如在 1970 年代为电视制作的野生动物纪录片中，这种言论的焦点必须以某种方式开放。该政权的最后十年。