Abstract Coccolithophores are a critical component of global biogeochemistry, export fluxes, and seawater optical properties. We derive globally significant relationships to estimate integrated coccolithophore and coccolith concentrations as well as integrated concentrations of particulate inorganic carbon (PIC) from their respective surface concentration. We also examine surface versus integral relationships for other biogeochemical variables contributed by all phytoplankton (e.g., chlorophyll a and particulate organic carbon) or diatoms (biogenic silica). Integrals are calculated using both 100 m integrals and euphotic zone integrals (depth of 1% surface photosynthetically available radiation). Surface concentrations are parameterized in either volumetric units (e.g., m−3) or values integrated over the top optical depth. Various relationships between surface concentrations and integrated values demonstrate that when surface concentrations are above a specific threshold, the vertical distribution of the property is biased to the surface layer, and when surface concentrations are below a specific threshold, the vertical distributions of the properties are biased to subsurface maxima. Results also show a highly predictable decrease in explained‐variance as vertical distributions become more vertically heterogeneous. These relationships have fundamental utility for extrapolating surface ocean color remote sensing measurements to 100 m depth or to the base of the euphotic zone, well beyond the depths of detection for passive ocean color remote sensors. Greatest integrated concentrations of PIC, coccoliths, and coccolithophores are found when there is moderate stratification at the base of the euphotic zone.

中文翻译：

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全球海洋中颗石藻、PIC、POC、生物二氧化硅和叶绿素 a 的垂直分布


摘要 颗石藻是全球生物地球化学、输出通量和海水光学特性的重要组成部分。我们得出了全球显着的关系，以根据各自的表面浓度估计颗石藻和颗石藻的综合浓度以及颗粒无机碳（PIC）的综合浓度。我们还研究了所有浮游植物（例如叶绿素a和颗粒有机碳）或硅藻（生物二氧化硅）贡献的其他生物地球化学变量的表面与积分关系。使用 100 m 积分和透光区积分（1% 表面光合有效辐射的深度）计算积分。表面浓度以体积单位（例如，m-3）或在顶部光学深度上积分的值来参数化。表面浓度与积分值之间的各种关系表明，当表面浓度高于特定阈值时，性质的垂直分布偏向表层，而当表面浓度低于特定阈值时，性质的垂直分布偏向于表层。至地下最大值。结果还表明，随着垂直分布变得更加垂直异质，解释方差会出现高度可预测的下降。这些关系对于将表面海洋颜色遥感测量结果外推至 100 m 深度或透光区底部具有基本实用性，远远超出了无源海洋颜色遥感器的检测深度。当透光带底部存在中等分层时，PIC、颗石藻和颗石藻的综合浓度最高。