ABSTRACT Cell-based therapies hold great potential to treat a wide range of human diseases, yet the mechanisms responsible for cell migration and homing are not fully understood. Emerging molecular imaging technology enables in vivo tracking of transplanted cells and their therapeutic efficacy, which together will improve the clinical outcome of cell-based therapy. Particularly, optical imaging provides highly sensitive, safe (non-radioactive), cost-effective, and fast solutions for real-time cellular trafficking compared to other conventional molecular imaging modalities. This review provides a comprehensive overview of current advances in optical imaging for cell-based therapy and tissue engineering. We discuss different types of fluorescent probes and their labeling methods with a special focus on cardiovascular disease, cancer immunotherapy, and tissue regeneration. In addition, advantages and limitations of optical imaging-based cell tracking strategies along with the future perspectives to translate this imaging technique for a clinical realm are discussed.

中文翻译：

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用于细胞治疗和组织工程的光谱成像

摘要 基于细胞的疗法在治疗多种人类疾病方面具有巨大潜力，但细胞迁移和归巢的机制尚不完全清楚。新兴的分子成像技术能够在体内追踪移植细胞及其治疗效果，这将共同改善基于细胞的治疗的临床结果。特别是，与其他传统分子成像模式相比，光学成像为实时细胞运输提供了高度敏感、安全（非放射性）、经济高效和快速的解决方案。这篇综述全面概述了基于细胞的治疗和组织工程的光学成像的当前进展。我们讨论了不同类型的荧光探针及其标记方法，特别关注心血管疾病、癌症免疫治疗、和组织再生。此外，还讨论了基于光学成像的细胞跟踪策略的优势和局限性，以及将这种成像技术应用于临床领域的未来前景。