Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cells are redirected T-cells that can recognize cancer antigens in a major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-independent fashion. A typical CAR is comprised of two main functional domains: an extracellular antigen recognition domain, called a single-chain variable fragment (scFv), and an intracellular signaling domain. Based on the number of intracellular signaling molecules, CARs are categorized into four generations. CAR T-cell therapy has become a promising treatment for hematologic malignancies. However, results of its clinical trials on solid tumors have not been encouraging. Here, we described the structure of CARs and summarized the clinical trials of CD19-targeted CAR T-cells. The side effects, safety management, challenges, and future prospects of CAR T-cells for the treatment of cancer, particularly for solid tumors, were also discussed.

嵌合抗原受体（CAR）T细胞是重定向的T细胞，可以以独立于主要组织相容性复合物（MHC）的方式识别癌症抗原。典型的CAR由两个主要功能域组成：一个称为单链可变片段（scFv）的细胞外抗原识别域和一个细胞内信号传导域。根据细胞内信号分子的数量，将CAR分为四代。CAR T细胞疗法已成为血液恶性肿瘤的有前途的治疗方法。然而，其关于实体瘤的临床试验结果并不令人鼓舞。在这里，我们描述了CAR的结构，并总结了靶向CD19的CAR T细胞的临床试验。CAR T细胞用于治疗癌症的副作用，安全管理，挑战以及未来前景，