Tetramethylammonium-degrading methanogenic consortia from a complete-mixing suspended sludge (CMSS) and an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactors were studied using multiple PCR-based molecular techniques and shotgun proteomic approach. The prokaryotic 16S rRNA genes of the consortia were analyzed by quantitative PCR, high-throughput sequencing, and DGGE-cloning methods. The results showed that methanogenic archaea were highly predominant in both reactors but differed markedly according to community structure. Community and proteomic analysis revealed that Methanomethylovorans and Methanosarcina were the major players for the demethylation of methylated substrates and methane formation through the reduction pathway of methyl-S-CoM and possibly, acetyl-CoA synthase/decarbonylase-related pathways. Unlike high dominance of one Methanomethylovorans population in the CMSS reactor, diverse methylotrophic Methanosarcina species inhabited in syntrophy-like association with hydrogenotrophic Methanobacterium in the granular sludge of UASB reactor. The overall findings indicated the reactor-dependent community structures of quaternary amines degradation and provided microbial insight for the improved understanding of engineering application.

中文翻译：

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将四甲基铵转化为甲烷的厌氧菌群的群落和蛋白质组学分析。

使用多种基于PCR的分子技术和shot弹枪蛋白质组学方法研究了来自完全混合悬浮污泥（CMSS）和上流厌氧污泥层（UASB）反应器的四甲基铵降解产甲烷菌团。通过定量PCR，高通量测序和DGGE克隆方法分析了该财团的原核16S rRNA基因。结果表明，产甲烷古菌在两个反应器中均占主导地位，但根据群落结构差异显着。社区和蛋白质组学分析表明，甲氧甲基卵磷脂和甲烷菌通过甲基-S-CoM的还原途径以及可能与乙酰-CoA合酶/脱羰酶相关的途径，是甲基化底物的去甲基化和甲烷形成的主要参与者。不同于一个的高显性Methanomethylovorans在CMSS反应器的人口，多样的甲基甲烷物种居住在syntrophy状与氢营养协会甲烷在UASB反应器的颗粒污泥。总体发现表明季胺降解反应器依赖的社区结构，并提供了微生物的见解，以提高对工程应用的理解。