Many studies have examined the effects of neighbourhoods on educational outcomes. The results of these studies are often conflicting, even if the same independent variables (such as poverty, educational climate, social disorganisation, or ethnic composition) are used. A systematic meta-analysis may help to resolve this lack of external validity. We identified 5516 articles from which we selected 88 that met all of the inclusion criteria. Using meta-regression, we found that the relation between neighbourhoods and individual educational outcomes is a function of neighbourhood poverty, the neighbourhood’s educational climate, the proportion of ethnic/migrant groups, and social disorganisation in the neighbourhood. The variance in the findings from different studies can partly be explained by the sampling design and the type of model used in each study. More important is the use of control variables (school, family SES, and parenting variables) in explaining the variation in the strength of neighbourhood effects.

中文翻译：

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社区与教育成就之间的关联，进行系统的审查和荟萃分析。

许多研究检查了社区对教育成果的影响。即使使用相同的独立变量（例如贫困，教育环境，社会组织结构或种族构成），这些研究的结果也常常会产生矛盾。系统的荟萃分析可能有助于解决这种缺乏外部有效性的问题。我们从5516篇文章中选择了88篇符合所有纳入标准的文章。使用元回归，我们发现邻里与个人教育成果之间的关系是邻里贫困，邻里的教育环境，族裔/移民群体的比例以及邻里的社会混乱的函数。来自不同研究的研究结果的差异可以部分由每个研究中使用的抽样设计和模型类型来解释。更重要的是使用控制变量（学校，家庭SES和育儿变量）来解释邻里效应强度的变化。