The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is a key player in the control of the cardiovascular system and hydroelectrolyte balance, with an influence on organs and functions throughout the body. The classical view of this system saw it as a sequence of many enzymatic steps that culminate in the production of a single biologically active metabolite, the octapeptide angiotensin (ANG) II, by the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE). The past two decades have revealed new functions for some of the intermediate products, beyond their roles as substrates along the classical route. They may be processed in alternative ways by enzymes such as the ACE homolog ACE2. One effect is to establish a second axis through ACE2/ANG-(1-7)/MAS, whose end point is the metabolite ANG-(1-7). ACE2 and other enzymes can form ANG-(1-7) directly or indirectly from either the decapeptide ANG I or from ANG II. In many cases, this second axis appears to counteract or modulate the effects of the classical axis. ANG-(1-7) itself acts on the receptor MAS to influence a range of mechanisms in the heart, kidney, brain, and other tissues. This review highlights the current knowledge about the roles of ANG-(1-7) in physiology and disease, with particular emphasis on the brain.

中文翻译：

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肾素-血管紧张素系统的 ACE2/血管紧张素-(1-7)/MAS 轴：关注血管紧张素-(1-7)。


肾素-血管紧张素系统（RAS）是控制心血管系统和水电解质平衡的关键角色，对整个身体的器官和功能有影响。该系统的经典观点将其视为一系列许多酶促步骤，最终通过血管紧张素转换酶 (ACE) 产生单一生物活性代谢物，即八肽血管紧张素 (ANG) II。在过去的二十年里，一些中间产物揭示了新的功能，超出了它们作为经典路线底物的作用。它们可以通过酶（例如 ACE 同系物 ACE2）以替代方式进行加工。一种作用是通过 ACE2/ANG-(1-7)/MAS 建立第二个轴，其终点是代谢物 ANG-(1-7)。 ACE2和其他酶可以直接或间接从十肽ANG I或ANG II形成ANG-(1-7)。在许多情况下，第二个轴似乎可以抵消或调节经典轴的影响。 ANG-(1-7) 本身作用于受体 MAS，影响心脏、肾脏、大脑和其他组织中的一系列机制。这篇综述强调了目前关于 ANG-(1-7) 在生理学和疾病中的作用的知识，特别是在大脑中。