Engineered nanomaterials may adversely impact human health and environmental safety by nano-bio-eco interactions not fully understood. Their interaction with biotic and abiotic environments are varied and complicated, ranging from individual species to entire ecosystems. Their behavior, transport, fate, and toxicological profiles in these interactions, addressed in a pioneering study, are subsequently seldom reported. Biological, chemical, and physical dimension properties, the so-called multidimensional characterization, determine interactions. Intermediate species generated in the dynamic process of nanomaterial transformation increase the complexity of assessing nanotoxicity. We review recent progress in understanding these interactions, discuss the challenges of the study, and suggest future research directions.

中文翻译：

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纳米生物-生态相互作用介导的工程纳米材料的毒性。

工程纳米材料可能会通过尚未完全了解的纳米生物生态相互作用而对人类健康和环境安全产生不利影响。它们与生物和非生物环境的相互作用是多样且复杂的，范围从单个物种到整个生态系统。随后很少报道在先驱性研究中提到的它们在这些相互作用中的行为，转运，命运和毒理学特征。生物的，化学的和物理的尺寸特性，即所谓的多维特征，决定了相互作用。在纳米材料转化的动态过程中生成的中间物种增加了评估纳米毒性的复杂性。我们回顾了了解这些相互作用的最新进展，讨论了研究的挑战，并提出了未来的研究方向。