An international survey of house dust collected from eleven countries using a modified dilution-to-extinction method yielded 7904 isolates. Of these, six strains morphologically resembled the asexual morphs of Aureobasidium and Hormonema (sexual morphs ?Sydowia), but were phylogenetically distinct. A 28S rDNA phylogeny resolved strains as a distinct clade in Dothideales with families Aureobasidiaceae and Dothideaceae their closest relatives. Further analyses based on the ITS rDNA region, β-tubulin, 28S rDNA, and RNA polymerase II second largest subunit confirmed the distinct status of this clade and divided strains among two consistent subclades. As a result, we introduce a new genus and two new species as Zalariaalba and Z. obscura, and a new family to accommodate them in Dothideales. Zalaria is a black yeast-like fungus, grows restrictedly and produces conidiogenous cells with holoblastic synchronous or percurrent conidiation. Zalaria microscopically closely resembles Hormonema by having only one to two loci per conidiogenous cell, but species of our new genus generally has more restricted growth. Comparing the two species, Z. obscura grows faster on lower water activity (aw) media and produces much darker colonies than Z. alba after 7 d. Their sexual states, if extant, are unknown.

中文翻译：

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从房屋尘埃中分离出的一种类似Aureobasidium的物种在Dothideales中有一个新的科和属。

使用改良的稀释消灭法从11个国家/地区收集的房屋灰尘的国际调查得出了7904个分离株。其中，六个菌株在形态上类似于金黄色葡萄球菌和荷尔蒙单性菌的无性形态（性形态？Sydowia），但在系统发育上是不同的。一个28S rDNA系统发育解析菌株是在Dothideales的一个独特进化枝，其近亲是Aureobasidiaceae和Dothideaceae。基于ITS rDNA区域，β-微管蛋白，28S rDNA和RNA聚合酶II第二大亚基的进一步分析证实了该进化枝的独特状态，并将菌株分为两个一致的进化枝。结果，我们引入了一个新属和两个新种，如Zalariaalba和Z. obscura，并引入了一个新的家庭来容纳它们在Dothideales。Zalaria是一种类似黑酵母的真菌，限制生长并产生具有成球同步或过流绝种的分生细胞。显微上的al虫在每个子生细胞中只有一个到两个基因座，在微观上与荷尔蒙类似，但我们新属的种通常具有更受限制的生长。比较这两个物种，隐孢子虫在较低水分活度（aw）培养基上生长更快，并且在7天后产生的菌落比白僵菌要暗得多。如果存在，他们的性状态是未知的。7 d后的晨曲。如果存在，他们的性状态是未知的。7 d后的晨曲。如果存在，他们的性状态是未知的。