Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD⁺/NADH) along with its phosphorylated form (NADP⁺/NADPH) are two molecules ubiquitously present in all organisms, and they play key roles as cofactors in fundamental catabolic and anabolic processes, respectively. The oxidation of NADPH to NADP⁺ initiates a cascade of reactions, where a network of molecules is implicated. The molecules of this cascade form a network with eminent translational potential in redox metabolism. A special point of interest is that spectrophotometric assays have been developed both for NADH/NADPH and the molecules directly regulated by them. Therefore, crucial molecules of the NADPH-dependent redox network can be measured, and the results can be used to assess the bioenergetic and/or oxidative stress status. The main aim of this review is to collectively present the NADPH-related molecules, namely NADPH, NADH, NAD⁺ kinase, NADPH oxidase, peroxiredoxin, thioredoxin, thioredoxin reductase, and nitric oxide synthase, that can be measured in blood and tissues with the use of a spectrophotometer, which is probably the most simple, inexpensive and widely used tool in biochemistry. We are providing the researchers with reliable and valid spectrophotometric assays for the measurement of the most important biomarkers of the NADPH network in blood and other tissues, thus allowing the opportunity to follow the redox changes in response to a stimulus.

烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸 (NAD ⁺ /NADH) 及其磷酸化形式 (NADP ⁺ /NADPH) 是所有生物体中普遍存在的两种分子，它们分别作为基本分解代谢和合成代谢过程中的辅助因子发挥着关键作用。NADPH 氧化为 NADP ⁺会引发一系列反应，其中涉及分子网络。该级联的分子形成一个网络，在氧化还原代谢中具有显着的转化潜力。一个特别令人感兴趣的点是，针对 NADH/NADPH 以及由它们直接调节的分子，已经开发出了分光光度测定法。因此，可以测量 NADPH 依赖性氧化还原网络的关键分子，并且结果可用于评估生物能和/或氧化应激状态。本综述的主要目的是共同介绍 NADPH 相关分子，即 NADPH、NADH、NAD ⁺激酶、NADPH 氧化酶、过氧化还蛋白、硫氧还蛋白、硫氧还蛋白还原酶和一氧化氮合酶，这些分子可以在血液和组织中用使用分光光度计，这可能是生物化学中最简单、最便宜且使用最广泛的工具。我们为研究人员提供可靠且有效的分光光度测定法，用于测量血液和其他组织中 NADPH 网络最重要的生物标志物，从而有机会跟踪响应刺激的氧化还原变化。