The yam bean (Pachyrizhus spp) was recently introduced as a root crop with high-yield potential, considerable protein and micro-nutrient concentration to investigate its potential for food production in Rwanda. Except for Chuin types (Pachyrizhus tuberosus) which have high storage root dry matter (RDM) (26 to 36%), most accessions are consumed raw and are reported to have low RDM. The present study aimed to evaluate and identify adapted high yielding yam bean accessions in major agro-ecological zones of Rwanda. Field experiments with 22 accessions were conducted in 2012 at three research sites representing the major agro-ecologies of Rwanda. Strict reproductive pruning was followed to enhance fresh storage root yields. Across locations, ANOVA indicated highly significant differences (p < 0.01) for genotypes (G), locations (L), seasons (S) and G x L effects for storage root yield, vine yield and harvest index and accounted for 21.88%, 43.41%, 1.43% and 13.25% of the treatment sum of squares, respectively. The GGE bi-plot revealed that EC209018 is high yielding but unstable. However, genotypes, AC209034, AC209035 and EC209046, were outstanding in terms of adaptation and relative stability across the 3 locations, suggesting consistent root yields irrespective of location and environmental conditions. The GGE scatter plot showed that all genotypes formed one mega-environment for storage root yield (Karama, Musanze and Rubona) and two mega-environments for biomass yield (Karama and Rubona as one mega-environment and Musanze the second one). This study revealed that Karama is the most suitable environment for evaluation and selection of yam bean for yield components in Rwanda.

中文翻译：

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卢旺达三个农业生态区引进山药豆（Pachyrhizus spp.）的性能评价。


山药豆（ Pachyrizhus spp ）最近被作为一种块根作物引入，具有高产潜力、大量蛋白质和微量营养素浓度，以研究其在卢旺达粮食生产的潜力。除了 Chuin 类型（ Pachyrizhus tuberosus ）具有较高的储存根干物质 (RDM)（26% 至 36%）外，大多数种质都是生食，据报道 RDM 较低。本研究旨在评估和鉴定卢旺达主要农业生态区适应性高产的山药豆种质。 2012 年，在代表卢旺达主要农业生态的三个研究地点对 22 个品种进行了田间试验。进行严格的生殖修剪，以提高新鲜贮藏根的产量。在不同地点，方差分析显示基因型 (G)、地点 (L)、季节 (S) 和 G x L 对贮藏根产量、葡萄藤产量和收获指数的影响存在高度显着差异 ( p < 0.01)，占 21.88%、43.41分别为治疗平方和的%、1.43%和13.25%。 GGE 双图显示 EC209018 产量高但不稳定。然而，基因型 AC209034、AC209035 和 EC209046 在这 3 个地点的适应性和相对稳定性方面表现出色，这表明无论地点和环境条件如何，根系产量都是一致的。 GGE散点图显示，所有基因型形成了一个贮藏根产量大环境（Karama、Musanze和Rubona）和两个生物量产量大环境（Karama和Rubona作为一个大环境，Musanze作为第二个大环境）。这项研究表明，卡拉马是卢旺达最适合评估和选择薯蓣豆产量组成的环境。