PURPOSE This longitudinal study characterized psychological adjustment in a sample of lung cancer patients by examining the occurrence of posttraumatic stress and growth and their relationships with mental and physical health quality of life and survival over time. METHODS Two waves of consecutive cohort samples, totaling 115 participants diagnosed with lung cancer, were identified from outpatient oncology clinics. Of these, 93 consented and completed the first of three assessments, and 57 completed the study. Prevalence of posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSD Checklist) and posttraumatic growth (Posttraumatic Growth Inventory) were assessed and used to predict physical and mental health components of quality of life (Short Form 36) and survival. RESULTS Patients reported both negative and positive psychological sequelae, with prevalence of estimated PTSD ranging from 5-16% at each assessment as determined by symptom and cut-off methods. Posttraumatic stress and growth were positively related, but were differentially associated with outcomes. More posttraumatic stress predicted lower mental health quality of life, whereas more posttraumatic growth predicted better physical health quality of life and longer survival. These relationships persisted after accounting for disease variables and attrition due to death or illness. CONCLUSIONS These findings highlight the importance of using longitudinal designs to identify relationships between stress and resilience factors in predicting outcomes.

中文翻译：

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肺癌患者的创伤后症状，生活质量和生存率。

目的这项纵向研究通过检查创伤后压力和生长的发生及其与心理和身体健康的生活质量和生存时间的关系，来表征肺癌患者样本中的心理调节。方法从门诊肿瘤诊所中识别出两波连续的队列样本，总共115名被诊断为肺癌的参与者。其中93人同意并完成了三项评估中的第一项，而57名完成了研究。评估创伤后应激症状（PTSD清单）和创伤后生长（创伤后生长量表）的患病率，并用于预测生活质量（简短表格36）和生存的身体和精神健康组成部分。结果患者报告了后遗症和正遗症的心理后遗症，根据症状和临界值方法确定的每次评估中，PTSD的估计患病率为5-16％。创伤后压力和生长呈正相关，但与结局差异相关。更大的创伤后压力预示着较低的心理健康生活质量，而更大的创伤后增长预示着较高的身体健康质量和更长的生存时间。在考虑了因死亡或疾病引起的疾病变量和损耗后，这些关系仍然存在。结论这些发现突出了在预测结果时使用纵向设计来识别压力和弹性因素之间的关系的重要性。但是与结果有差异。更大的创伤后压力预示着较低的心理健康生活质量，而更大的创伤后增长预示着较好的身体健康生活质量和更长的生存时间。在考虑了因死亡或疾病引起的疾病变量和损耗后，这些关系仍然存在。结论这些发现强调了在预测结果时使用纵向设计来识别压力和弹性因素之间的关系的重要性。但是与结果有差异。更大的创伤后压力预示着较低的心理健康生活质量，而更大的创伤后增长预示着较好的身体健康生活质量和更长的生存时间。在考虑了因死亡或疾病引起的疾病变量和损耗后，这些关系仍然存在。结论这些发现强调了在预测结果时使用纵向设计来识别压力和弹性因素之间的关系的重要性。