Bionic acids are bioactive compounds demonstrating numerous interesting properties. They are widely produced by chemical or enzymatic oxidation of disaccharides. This paper focuses on the galactosyl derivative of gluconic acid as a result of a new method of bionic acid synthesis which utilises the transglycosylation properties of β-galactosidase and introduces lactose as a substrate. Products obtained in such a process are characterised by different structures (and, potentially, properties) than those resulting from traditional oxidation of disaccharides. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of selected parameters (concentration and ratio of substrates, dose of the enzyme, time, pH, presence of salts) on the course of the reaction carried out with the enzymatic preparation Lactozym, containing β-galactosidase from Kluyveromyces lactis. Research has shown that increased dry matter content in the baseline solution (up to 50%, by mass per volume) and an addition of NaCl contribute to higher yield. On the other hand, reduced content of the derivative is a result of increased pH from 7.0 to 9.0 and an addition of magnesium and manganese salts. Moreover, exceeding the β-galactosidase dose over approx. 35 000 U per 100 g of lactose also leads to reduced yield of the process. The most favourable molar ratio of sodium gluconate to lactose is 2.225:0.675. Depending on the conditions of the synthesis, the product concentration ranged between 17.3 and 118.3 g/L of the reaction mixture, which corresponded to the mass fraction of 6.64-23.7% of dry matter. The data obtained as a result of the present study may be useful for designing an industrial process.

中文翻译：

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具有 β-半乳糖苷酶转糖基活性的葡萄糖酸半乳糖基衍生物的合成。


仿生酸是具有许多有趣特性的生物活性化合物。它们广泛通过二糖的化学或酶氧化生产。本文重点研究了葡萄糖酸的半乳糖基衍生物，这是一种利用β-半乳糖苷酶的转糖基特性并引入乳糖作为底物的仿生酸合成新方法的结果。与传统的二糖氧化产生的产品相比，这种过程中获得的产品具有不同的结构（以及潜在的特性）。本研究的目的是确定所选参数（底物的浓度和比例、酶的剂量、时间、pH、盐的存在）对酶制剂 Lactozym（含有 β-）进行的反应过程的影响。来自乳酸克鲁维酵母的半乳糖苷酶。研究表明，增加基线溶液中的干物质含量（按每体积质量计高达 50%）和添加 NaCl 有助于提高产量。另一方面，pH值从7.0增加到9.0以及添加镁盐和锰盐导致衍生物含量减少。此外，超过β-半乳糖苷酶剂量约。每 100 克乳糖 35 000 U 也会导致该过程的产率降低。葡萄糖酸钠与乳糖的最有利的摩尔比是2.225:0.675。根据合成条件，产物浓度在反应混合物的17.3至118.3 g/L之间，对应于干物质的质量分数为6.64-23.7%。本研究获得的数据可能有助于设计工业流程。