Laboratory studies provide a fundamental understanding of photochemical processes in planetary atmospheres. Photochemical reactions taking place on giant planets like Jupiter and possibly comets and the interstellar medium are the subject of this research. Reaction pathways are proposed for the coupled photochemistry of NH3 (ammonia) and C2H2 (acetylene) within the context Jupiter's atmosphere. We then extend the discussion to the Great Red Spot, Extra-Solar Giant Planets, Comets and Interstellar Organic Synthesis. Reaction rates in the form of quantum yields were measured for the decomposition of reactants and the formation of products and stable intermediates: HCN (hydrogen cyanide), CH3CN (acetonitrile), CH3CH = N-N = CHCH3 (acetaldazine), CH3CH = N-NH2 (acetaldehyde hydrazone), C2H5NH2 (ethylamine), CH3NH2 (methylamine) and C2H4 (ethene) in the photolysis of NH3/C2H2 mixtures. Some of these compounds, formed in our investigation of pathways for HCN synthesis, were not encountered previously in observational, theoretical or laboratory photochemical studies. The quantum yields obtained allowed for the formulation of a reaction mechanism that attempts to explain the observed results under varying experimental conditions. In general, the results of this work are consistent with the initial observations of Ferris and Ishikawa (1988). However, their proposed reaction pathway which centers on the photolysis of CH3CH = N-N = CHCH3 does not explain all of the results obtained in this study. The formation of CH3CH = N-N = CHCH3 by a radical combination reaction of CH3CH = N• was shown in this work to be inconsistent with other experiments where the CH3CH = N• radical is thought to form but where no CH3CH = N-N = CHCH3 was detected. The importance of the role of H atom abstraction reactions was demonstrated and an alternative pathway for CH3CH = N-N = CHCH3 formation involving nucleophilic reaction between N2H4 and CH3CH = NH is advanced.

中文翻译：

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氨和乙炔的耦合光化学机制：对巨行星、彗星和星际有机合成的影响。


实验室研究提供了对行星大气中光化学过程的基本了解。这项研究的主题是在木星等巨型行星以及可能的彗星和星际介质上发生的光化学反应。提出了木星大气中 NH3（氨）和 C2H2（乙炔）耦合光化学的反应途径。然后我们将讨论扩展到大红斑、太阳系外巨行星、彗星和星际有机合成。以量子产率形式测量反应物分解以及产物和稳定中间体形成的反应速率：HCN（氰化氢）、CH3CN（乙腈）、CH3CH = NN = CHCH3（乙醛连）、CH3CH = N-NH2（ NH3/C2H2 混合物光解中的乙醛腙）、C2H5NH2（乙胺）、CH3NH2（甲胺）和 C2H4（乙烯）。其中一些化合物是在我们对 HCN 合成途径的研究中形成的，以前在观察、理论或实验室光化学研究中从未遇到过。获得的量子产率允许制定反应机制，试图解释在不同实验条件下观察到的结果。总的来说，这项工作的结果与 Ferris 和 Ishikawa (1988) 的初步观察是一致的。然而，他们提出的以 CH3CH = NN = CHCH3 光解为中心的反应途径并不能解释本研究中获得的所有结果。这项工作表明，通过 CH3CH = N• 的自由基化合反应形成 CH3CH = NN = CHCH3 与其他实验不一致，在其他实验中，认为形成了 CH3CH = N• 自由基，但没有检测到 CH3CH = NN = CHCH3 。 证明了 H 原子夺取反应的重要性，并提出了涉及 N2H4 和 CH3CH = NH 之间亲核反应的 CH3CH = NN = CHCH3 形成的替代途径。