In the last ten years, bioeconomy strategies and policy-related bioeconomy initiatives have been developed all over the world. Some of them are currently in the process of translation into specific actions. In most cases, the approaches followed have been top-down policy-related initiatives, triggered by the public sector originating a dynamic which can bring together different bioeconomy stakeholders i.e. industry, academia, financial operators and farmers. This article describes a bottom-up situation with unique bioeconomy-related features that deserve specific attention. Over the last 40 years, Almería, in the south east of Spain, has developed one of the most efficient agro-industrial complexes in the world, evolving from a traditional and subsistence agriculture, to becoming the major vegetable exporter in the European Union (EU). This growth set aside issues such as sustainability, long-term perspectives on water resources or agricultural waste. However, societal concerns about a circular economy, as well as policy initiatives in the EU and in Spain on bioeconomy are changing the situation towards an integrated, efficient and sustainable bioeconomy system. Currently, the production chain demands innovations related to the use of biomass as source of bioproducts and bioenergy in order to remain competitive. Some positive aspects are the relatively small size of the agro-industrial area, making transport and communications rapid and easy, and the existence of strong and dedicated academic and financial institutions. This article outlines the current efforts and initiatives to couple the existing successful agro-industrial complex with that of a fully sustainable bioeconomy model.

中文翻译：

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阿尔梅里亚（西班牙）的高效农业工业综合体：迈向综合和可持续的生物经济模式

在过去十年中，世界各地都制定了生物经济战略和与政策相关的生物经济举措。其中一些目前正在转化为具体行动。在大多数情况下，所采用的方法是自上而下的与政策相关的举措，由公共部门引发的动态可以将不同的生物经济利益相关者（即工业、学术界、金融运营商和农民）聚集在一起。本文描述了一种自下而上的情况，具有值得特别关注的独特的生物经济相关特征。在过去的 40 年里，西班牙东南部的阿尔梅里亚已经发展成为世界上最高效的农业工业综合体之一，从传统的自给农业发展成为欧盟（EU）的主要蔬菜出口国。 ）。这种增长搁置了可持续性、水资源或农业废物的长期前景等问题。然而，社会对循环经济的担忧，以及欧盟和西班牙关于生物经济的政策举措正在改变这种局面，以建立一个综合、高效和可持续的生物经济系统。目前，生产链需要与使用生物质作为生物产品和生物能源来源相关的创新，以保持竞争力。一些积极的方面是农业工业区的面积相对较小，使运输和通讯变得快捷方便，以及存在强大而专注的学术和金融机构。