In the healthy brain, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is regulated by neurons and glia. This begs the question: what happens in the malfunctioning brain? There are many reasons why diseases occur, including genetic mutations, systemic problems, and environmental influences. There are also many ways in which GABA can become dysregulated, such as through alterations in its synthesis or release, and changes in systems that respond to it. Notably, dysregulation of GABA can have a large impact on the brain. To date, few reviews have examined brain diseases in which dysregulation of GABA is implicated as an underlying factor. Accordingly, the time is ripe for investigating alterations in GABAergic signaling that may play a role in changes in neuronal activity observed in the major brain disorders that occur during various stages of life. This review is meant to provide a better understanding of the role of GABA in brain health and contributor to social problems from a scientific perspective.

中文翻译：

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生命各个阶段脑疾病中 GABA 信号的改变。

在健康的大脑中，γ-氨基丁酸 (GABA) 受到神经元和神经胶质细胞的调节。这就引出了一个问题：发生故障的大脑会发生什么？疾病发生的原因有很多，包括基因突变、系统问题和环境影响。GABA 也可以通过多种方式失调，例如通过改变其合成或释放，以及改变对其做出反应的系统。值得注意的是，GABA 失调会对大脑产生很大影响。迄今为止，很少有评论研究以 GABA 失调为潜在因素的脑部疾病。因此，研究 GABA 信号改变的时机已经成熟，这些改变可能在生命各个阶段发生的主要脑部疾病中观察到的神经元活动变化中发挥作用。本综述旨在从科学角度更好地理解 GABA 在大脑健康中的作用以及对社会问题的贡献。