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Lifestyles in transition: evolution and natural history of the genus Lactobacillus.
FEMS Microbiology Reviews ( IF 10.1 ) Pub Date : 2017-07-05 , DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fux030
Rebbeca M Duar 1, 2 , Xiaoxi B Lin 1, 2 , Jinshui Zheng 3 , Maria Elena Martino 4 , Théodore Grenier 4 , María Elisa Pérez-Muñoz 1, 2 , François Leulier 4 , Michael Gänzle 1 , Jens Walter 1, 2, 5
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Lactobacillus species are found in nutrient-rich habitats associated with food, feed, plants, animals and humans. Due to their economic importance, the metabolism, genetics and phylogeny of lactobacilli have been extensively studied. However, past research primarily examined lactobacilli in experimental settings abstracted from any natural history, and the ecological context in which these bacteria exist and evolve has received less attention. In this review, we synthesize phylogenetic, genomic and metabolic metadata of the Lactobacillus genus with findings from fine-scale phylogenetic and functional analyses of representative species to elucidate the evolution and natural history of its members. The available evidence indicates a high level of niche conservatism within the well-supported phylogenetic groups within the genus, with lifestyles ranging from free-living to strictly symbiotic. The findings are consistent with a model in which host-adapted Lactobacillus lineages evolved from free-living ancestors, with present-day species displaying substantial variations in terms of the reliance on environmental niches and the degree of host specificity. This model can provide a framework for the elucidation of the natural and evolutionary history of Lactobacillus species and valuable information to improve the use of this important genus in industrial and therapeutic applications.

中文翻译:

转型中的生活方式:乳杆菌属的进化和自然历史。

乳杆菌物种存在于与食物,饲料,植物,动物和人类相关的营养丰富的栖息地中。由于其经济重要性,对乳酸杆菌的代谢,遗传和系统发育进行了广泛的研究。然而,过去的研究主要从任何自然历史中提取的实验环境中检查了乳杆菌,这些细菌存在和进化的生态环境受到的关注较少。在这篇综述中,我们合成了乳杆菌属的系统发育,基因组和代谢元数据,并对代表性物种进行了细致的系统发育和功能分析,以阐明其成员的进化和自然史。现有证据表明,在该属内得到良好支持的系统发生类群中,生态位保守性较高,从自由生活到严格共生的生活方式。该发现与一个模型相吻合,在该模型中,适应宿主的乳酸杆菌谱系从自由生活的祖先进化而来,当今的物种在依赖环境生态位和宿主特异性程度方面表现出很大的差异。该模型可以提供一个框架,阐明乳杆菌属物种的自然和进化史,并提供有价值的信息,以改善该重要属在工业和治疗应用中的使用。目前的物种在对环境利基的依赖和寄主特异性的程度方面表现出很大的差异。该模型可以提供一个框架,阐明乳杆菌属物种的自然和进化史,并提供有价值的信息,以改善该重要属在工业和治疗应用中的使用。目前的物种在对环境利基的依赖和寄主特异性的程度方面表现出很大的差异。该模型可以提供一个框架,阐明乳杆菌属物种的自然和进化史,并提供有价值的信息,以改善该重要属在工业和治疗应用中的使用。
更新日期:2019-11-01
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