OBJECTIVE Recurrent headaches and ADHD are prevalent in the pediatric population. Herein, we assess if ADHD is comorbid to headaches overall, to headache subtypes (e.g., migraine), and to headache frequency. METHOD Informed consent and analyzable data were obtained for 5,671 children aged 5 to 12 years (65.9% of the target sample). Parents and teachers were interviewed using validated questionnaires based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.; DSM-5). Relative risks were modeled using univariate and multivariate analyses. RESULTS As contrasted to nonheadache controls, the prevalence of ADHD was significantly higher in children with migraine ( p < .001) but not in those with tension-type headaches. In children with migraine, risk of ADHD increased as a function of headache frequency ( p < .05). CONCLUSION Migraine and frequent migraine are comorbid to ADHD. Future studies should focus on the impact of the association on the burden to the children and their families.

中文翻译：

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多动症多发于儿童期偏头痛：一项基于人群的研究。

目的反复发作的头痛和多动症在小儿人群中普遍存在。本文中，我们评估了多动症是否总体上与头痛，头痛亚型（例如偏头痛）以及头痛频率并存。方法获得了5671名5至12岁儿童的知情同意书和可分析的数据（目标样本的65.9％）。父母和老师接受了根据《精神障碍诊断和统计手册》（第5版； DSM-5）使用有效问卷调查的访谈。相对风险使用单变量和多变量分析建模。结果与非头痛对照组相比，偏头痛儿童的ADHD患病率显着更高（p <.001），而紧张型头痛儿童则没有。在偏头痛儿童中，ADHD的风险随头痛频率的增加而增加（p <.05）。结论偏头痛和频繁偏头痛与多动症并存。未来的研究应侧重于协会对儿童及其家庭负担的影响。