Objective: Here we investigated the impact of chronic high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and caffeine consumption on the activities of Na⁺-K⁺-ATPase and enzymes of the antioxidant system, as well as anxiolytic-like behaviour in the rat brain.

Methods: Animals were divided into groups: control, caffeine (4 mg/kg), caffeine (8 mg/kg), HIIT, HIIT plus caffeine (4 mg/kg) and HIIT plus caffeine (8 mg/kg). Rats were trained three times per week for 6 weeks, and caffeine was administered 30 minutes before training. We assessed the anxiolytic-like behaviour, Na⁺-K⁺-ATPase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities, levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) in the brain.

Results and discussion: HIIT-induced anxiolytic-like behaviour increased Na⁺-K⁺-ATPase and GPx activities and TBARS levels, altered the activities of SOD and CAT in different brain regions, and decreased GSH levels. Caffeine, however, elicited anxiogenic-like behaviour and blocked HIIT effects. The combination of caffeine and HIIT prevented the increase in SOD activity in the cerebral cortex and GPx activity in three brain regions. Our results show that caffeine promoted anxiogenic behaviour and prevented HIIT-induced changes in the antioxidant system and Na⁺-K⁺-ATPase activities.

目的：在这里，我们研究了慢性高强度间歇训练 (HIIT) 和咖啡因摄入对大鼠脑中 Na ⁺ -K ⁺ -ATP 酶和抗氧化系统酶的活性以及抗焦虑样行为的影响。

方法：将动物分为：对照组、咖啡因（4 mg/kg）、咖啡因（8 mg/kg）、HIIT、HIIT加咖啡因（4 mg/kg）和HIIT加咖啡因（8 mg/kg）。大鼠每周训练 3 次，持续 6 周，训练前 30 分钟给予咖啡因。我们评估了抗焦虑样行为、Na ⁺ -K ⁺ -ATP 酶、超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)、过氧化氢酶 (CAT) 和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶 (GPx) 活性、还原型谷胱甘肽 (GSH) 和硫代巴比妥酸反应物质 (TBARS) 的水平在大脑中。

结果与讨论： HIIT 诱导的抗焦虑样行为增加了 Na ⁺ -K ⁺ -ATPase 和 GPx 活性以及 TBARS 水平，改变了不同脑区 SOD 和 CAT 的活性，并降低了 GSH 水平。然而，咖啡因会引发类焦虑行为并阻止 HIIT 效应。咖啡因和 HIIT 的组​​合阻止了大脑皮层 SOD 活性和三个大脑区域 GPx 活性的增加。我们的研究结果表明，咖啡因促进了焦虑行为并阻止了 HIIT 诱导的抗氧化系统和 Na ⁺ -K ⁺ -ATPase 活性的变化。