Mitochondria are key organelles involved in energy production, functioning as the metabolic hubs of cells. Recent findings emphasize the emerging role of the mitochondrion as a key intracellular signaling platform regulating innate immune and inflammatory responses. Several mitochondrial proteins and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species have emerged as central players orchestrating the innate immune responses to pathogens and damaging ligands. This review explores our current understanding of the roles played by mitochondria in regulation of innate immunity and inflammatory responses. Recent advances in our understanding of the relationship between autophagy, mitochondria, and inflammasome activation are also briefly discussed. A comprehensive understanding of mitochondrial role in toll-like receptor-mediated innate immune responses and NLRP3 inflammasome complex activation, will facilitate development of novel therapeutics to treat various infectious, inflammatory, and autoimmune disorders.

中文翻译：

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先天免疫和炎症的线粒体控制

线粒体是参与能量产生的关键细胞器，充当细胞的代谢中心。最近的研究结果强调了线粒体作为调节先天免疫和炎症反应的关键细胞内信号平台的新兴作用。几种线粒体蛋白和线粒体活性氧已成为协调对病原体和破坏性配体的先天免疫反应的核心参与者。本综述探讨了我们目前对线粒体在调节先天免疫和炎症反应中所起作用的理解。还简要讨论了我们对自噬、线粒体和炎症小体激活之间关系的理解的最新进展。