Oxidative stress, physical inactivity and high-fat (FAT) diets are associated with hepatic disorders such as metabolic syndrome (MS). The therapeutic effects of physical training (PT) were evaluated in rats with MS induced by FAT diet for 13 weeks, on oxidative stress and insulin signaling in the liver, during the last 6 weeks. FAT-sedentary (SED) rats increased body mass, retroperitoneal fat, mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR), and total cholesterol, serum alanine aminotransferase, glucose and insulin. Livers of FAT-SED rats increased superoxide dismutase activity, thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances, protein carbonyl and oxidized glutathione (GSSG); and decreased catalase activity, reduced glutathione/GSSG ratio, and the mRNA expression of insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1) and serine/threonine kinase 2. FAT-PT rats improved in fitness and reduced their body mass, retroperitoneal fat, and glucose, insulin, total cholesterol, MAP and HR; and their livers increased superoxide dismutase and catalase activities, the reduced glutathione/GSSG ratio and the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma and insulin receptor compared to FAT-SED rats. These findings indicated adaptive responses to PT by restoring the oxidative balance and insulin signaling in the liver and certain biometric and biochemical parameters as well as MAP in MS rats.

氧化应激、缺乏运动和高脂肪 (FAT) 饮食与代谢综合征 (MS) 等肝脏疾病有关。在过去 6 周内，对 FAT 饮食诱导的 MS 大鼠 13 周、对肝脏中的氧化应激和胰岛素信号传导的治疗效果进行了评估。FAT-久坐 (SED) 大鼠增加体重、腹膜后脂肪、平均动脉压 (MAP) 和心率 (HR)，以及总胆固醇、血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶、葡萄糖和胰岛素。FAT-SED 大鼠的肝脏增加了超氧化物歧化酶活性、硫代巴比妥酸反应物质、蛋白质羰基和氧化谷胱甘肽 (GSSG)；过氧化氢酶活性降低，谷胱甘肽/GSSG比率降低，以及胰岛素受体底物1（IRS-1）和丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶2的mRNA表达。FAT-PT 大鼠体能改善，体重、腹膜后脂肪、葡萄糖、胰岛素、总胆固醇、MAP 和 HR 降低；与 FAT-SED 大鼠相比，它们的肝脏增加了超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化氢酶的活性、降低的谷胱甘肽/GSSG 比率以及过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体 γ 和胰岛素受体的表达。这些发现表明通过恢复肝脏中的氧化平衡和胰岛素信号以及某些生物特征和生化参数以及 MS 大鼠的 MAP 对 PT 的适应性反应。与 FAT-SED 大鼠相比，降低的谷胱甘肽/GSSG 比率以及过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体 γ 和胰岛素受体的表达。这些发现表明通过恢复肝脏中的氧化平衡和胰岛素信号以及某些生物特征和生化参数以及 MS 大鼠的 MAP 对 PT 的适应性反应。与 FAT-SED 大鼠相比，降低的谷胱甘肽/GSSG 比率以及过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体 γ 和胰岛素受体的表达。这些发现表明通过恢复肝脏中的氧化平衡和胰岛素信号以及某些生物特征和生化参数以及 MS 大鼠的 MAP 对 PT 的适应性反应。