In this article, anoxic and oxic hydrolyses of rocks containing Fe (II) Mg-silicates and Fe (II)-monosulfides are analyzed at 25 °C and 250-350 °C. A table of the products is drawn. It is shown that magnetite and hydrogen can be produced during low-temperature (25 °C) anoxic hydrolysis/oxidation of ferrous silicates and during high-temperature (250 °C) anoxic hydrolysis/oxidation of ferrous monosulfides. The high-T (350 °C) anoxic hydrolysis of ferrous silicates leads mainly to ferric oxides/hydroxides such as the hydroxide ferric trihydroxide, the oxide hydroxide goethite/lepidocrocite and the oxide hematite, and to Fe(III)-phyllosilicates. Magnetite is not a primary product. While the low-T (25 °C) anoxic hydrolysis of ferrous monosulfides leads to pyrite. Thermodynamic functions are calculated for elementary reactions of hydrolysis and carbonation of olivine and pyroxene and E-pH diagrams are analyzed. It is shown that the hydrolysis of the iron endmember is endothermic and can proceed within the exothermic hydrolysis of the magnesium endmember and also within the exothermic reactions of carbonations. The distinction between three products of the iron hydrolysis, magnetite, goethite and hematite is determined with E-pH diagrams. The hydrolysis/oxidation of the sulfides mackinawite/troilite/pyrrhotite is highly endothermic but can proceed within the heat produced by the exothermic hydrolyses and carbonations of ferromagnesian silicates and also by other sources such as magma, hydrothermal sources, impacts. These theoretical results are confirmed by the products observed in several related laboratory experiments. The case of radiolyzed water is studied. It is shown that magnetite and ferric oxides/hydroxides such as ferric trihydroxide, goethite/lepidocrocite and hematite are formed in oxic hydrolysis of ferromagnesian silicates at 25 °C and 350 °C. Oxic oxidation of ferrous monosulfides at 25 °C leads mainly to pyrite and ferric oxides/hydroxides such as ferric trihydroxide, goethite/lepidocrocite and hematite and also to sulfates, and at 250 °C mainly to magnetite instead of pyrite, associated to the same ferric oxides/hydroxides and sulfates. Some examples of geological terrains, such as Mawrth Vallis on Mars, the Tagish Lake meteorite and hydrothermal venting fields, where hydrolysis/oxidation of ferromagnesian silicates and iron(II)-monosulfides may occur, are discussed. Considering the evolution of rocks during their interaction with water, in the absence of oxygen and in radiolyzed water, with hydrothermal release of H2 and the plausible associated formation of components of life, geobiotropic signatures are proposed. They are mainly Fe(III)-phyllosilicates, magnetite, ferric trihydroxide, goethite/lepidocrocite, hematite, but not pyrite.

中文翻译：

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含有 Fe(II)Mg-硅酸盐和 Fe(II)-单硫化物作为 Fe(III)-矿物和氢源的岩石的缺氧和有氧氧化。向地生物性。


在本文中，在 25 °C 和 250-350 °C 下分析了含有 Fe (II) 镁硅酸盐和 Fe (II)-单硫化物的岩石的缺氧和有氧水解。绘制了产品表。结果表明，硅酸亚铁的低温（25℃）缺氧水解/氧化和一硫化亚铁的高温（250℃）缺氧水解/氧化过程中可以产生磁铁矿和氢气。硅酸亚铁的高温 (350 °C) 缺氧水解主要生成三氧化二铁/氢氧化物，例如氢氧化三氢氧化铁、氢氧化物针铁矿/纤铁矿和氧化物赤铁矿，以及 Fe(III)-页硅酸盐。磁铁矿不是初级产品。而一硫化亚铁的低 T (25 °C) 缺氧水解会产生黄铁矿。计算了橄榄石和辉石水解和碳酸化基元反应的热力学函数，并分析了E-pH图。结果表明，铁端元的水解是吸热的，并且可以在镁端元的放热水解中以及在碳酸化的放热反应中进行。铁水解的三种产物磁铁矿、针铁矿和赤铁矿之间的区别通过 E-pH 图确定。硫化物镁铁矿/硫铁矿/磁黄铁矿的水解/氧化是高度吸热的，但可以在铁镁硅酸盐的放热水解和碳酸化以及其他来源（例如岩浆、热液来源、冲击）产生的热量内进行。这些理论结果得到了几个相关实验室实验中观察到的产品的证实。研究了辐射分解水的情况。 结果表明，硅酸镁铁在 25 °C 和 350 °C 下有氧水解时会形成磁铁矿和三氧化二铁/氢氧化物，例如氢氧化铁、针铁矿/纤铁矿和赤铁矿。一硫化亚铁在 25 °C 下的氧化主要产生黄铁矿和三氧化二铁/氢氧化物，例如氢氧化铁、针铁矿/纤铁矿和赤铁矿，也产生硫酸盐，而在 250 °C 下主要产生磁铁矿而不是黄铁矿，与相同的铁伴生氧化物/氢氧化物和硫酸盐。讨论了一些地质地形的例子，例如火星上的莫斯山谷、塔吉什湖陨石和热液喷发场，其中可能发生铁镁硅酸盐和一硫化铁的水解/氧化。考虑到岩石在与水相互作用过程中的演化，在没有氧气和辐射解水的情况下，伴随着氢气的热液释放以及生命成分的可能相关形成，提出了向地生物特征。它们主要是页硅酸盐、磁铁矿、氢氧化铁、针铁矿/纤铁矿、赤铁矿，但不是黄铁矿。