Although bacteria have historically been considered to play a major role in cystic fibrosis (CF) airway damage, a strong impact of respiratory viral infections (RVI) is also now recognized. Emerging evidence confirms that respiratory viruses are associated with deterioration of pulmonary function and exacerbation and facilitation of bacterial colonization in CF patients. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the current knowledge on respiratory viruses in CF airways, to discuss the resulting inflammation and RVI response, to determine how to detect the viruses, and to assess their clinical consequences, prevalence, and interactions with bacteria. The most predominant are Rhinoviruses (RVs), significantly associated with CF exacerbation. Molecular techniques, and especially multiplex PCR, help to diagnose viral infections, and the coming rise of metagenomics will extend knowledge of viral populations in the complex ecosystem of CF airways. Prophylaxis and vaccination are currently available only for Respiratory syncytial and Influenza virus (IV), but antiviral molecules are being tested to improve CF patients’ care. All the points raised in this review highlight the importance of taking account of RVIs and their potential impact on the CF airway ecosystem.

尽管历史上一直认为细菌在囊性纤维化（CF）气道损害中起主要作用，但现在也认识到呼吸道病毒感染（RVI）的强烈影响。越来越多的证据证实，呼吸道病毒与CF患者的肺功能恶化，加剧和细菌定植有关。这篇综述的目的是概述CF气道中呼吸道病毒的最新知识，讨论由此引起的炎症和RVI反应，确定如何检测病毒，以及评估其临床后果，患病率以及与之的相互作用。细菌。最主要的是鼻病毒（RVs），与CF恶化明显相关。分子技术，尤其是多重PCR，有助于诊断病毒感染，宏基因组学的兴起将扩展CF气道复杂生态系统中病毒种群的知识。目前仅对呼吸道合胞病毒和流感病毒（IV）提供预防和疫苗接种，但正在测试抗病毒分子以改善CF患者的护理。这篇评论中提出的所有观点都强调了考虑RVI及其对CF气道生态系统的潜在影响的重要性。