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Using artificial orthographies for studying cross-linguistic differences in the cognitive and neural profiles of reading
Journal of Neurolinguistics ( IF 1.2 ) Pub Date : 2014-09-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroling.2014.06.006
Elizabeth A Hirshorn 1 , Julie A Fiez 2
Affiliation  

Reading and writing are cultural inventions that have become vital skills to master in modern society. Unfortunately, writing systems are not equally learnable and many individuals struggle to become proficient readers. Languages and their writing systems often have co-varying characteristics, due to both psycholinguistic and socio-cultural forces. This makes it difficult to determine the source of cross-linguistic differences in reading and writing. Nonetheless, it is important to make progress on this issue: a more precise understanding of the factors that affect reading disparities should improve reading instruction theory and practice, and the diagnosis and treatment of reading disorders. In this review, we consider the value of artificial orthographies as a tool for unpacking the factors that create cognitive and neural differences in reading acquisition and skill. We do so by focusing on one dimension that differs among writing systems: grain size. Grain size, or the unit of spoken language that is mapped onto a visual graph, is thought to affect learning, but its impact is still not well understood. We review relevant literature about cross-linguistic writing system differences, the benefits of using artificial orthographies as a research tool, and our recent work with an artificial alphasyllabic writing system for English. We conclude that artificial orthographies can be used to elucidate cross-linguistic principles that affect reading and writing.

中文翻译:

使用人工拼写法研究阅读认知和神经特征的跨语言差异

阅读和写作是文化发明,已成为现代社会需要掌握的重要技能。不幸的是,书写系统的可学习性并不相同,许多人都在努力成为熟练的读者。由于心理语言学和社会文化力量,语言及其书写系统通常具有共同变化的特征。这使得很难确定阅读和写作中跨语言差异的来源。尽管如此,在这个问题上取得进展是很重要的:更准确地了解影响阅读差异的因素应该会改进阅读教学理论和实践,以及阅读障碍的诊断和治疗。在这次审查中,我们认为人工拼写法作为一种工具的价值,可以解开在阅读习得和技能方面造成认知和神经差异的因素。我们通过关注书写系统之间不同的一个维度来做到这一点:粒度。颗粒大小,或映射到视觉图形上的口语单位,被认为会影响学习,但其影响仍未得到很好的理解。我们回顾了有关跨语言书写系统差异的相关文献、使用人工拼写法作为研究工具的好处,以及我们最近使用人工英文字母音节书写系统的工作。我们得出结论,人工拼写法可用于阐明影响阅读和写作的跨语言原则。晶粒尺寸。颗粒大小,或映射到视觉图形上的口语单位,被认为会影响学习,但其影响仍未得到很好的理解。我们回顾了有关跨语言书写系统差异的相关文献、使用人工拼写法作为研究工具的好处,以及我们最近使用人工英文字母音节书写系统的工作。我们得出结论,人工拼写法可用于阐明影响阅读和写作的跨语言原则。晶粒尺寸。颗粒大小,或映射到视觉图形上的口语单位,被认为会影响学习,但其影响仍未得到很好的理解。我们回顾了有关跨语言书写系统差异的相关文献、使用人工拼写法作为研究工具的好处,以及我们最近使用人工英文字母音节书写系统的工作。我们得出结论,人工拼写法可用于阐明影响阅读和写作的跨语言原则。以及我们最近使用人工英文字母音节书写系统的工作。我们得出结论,人工拼写法可用于阐明影响阅读和写作的跨语言原则。以及我们最近使用人工英文字母音节书写系统的工作。我们得出结论,人工拼写法可用于阐明影响阅读和写作的跨语言原则。
更新日期:2014-09-01
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