Bioassay guided fractionation and chemical investigation of the ethanolic extract of the aerial parts of Koelreuteria paniculata Laxm. (Sapindaceae), resulted in the isolation and identification of three new triterpenoid saponins 1-3 named Paniculatosoid A-C, along with eleven known compounds. The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated using 1D and 2D NMR experiments, HRESIMS, and comparison with literature data. The occurrence of tridesmosidic saponin is reported for the first time from family Sapindaceae, as well as it is rarely found in natural saponins. Compounds 4-13 were evaluated for their antibacterial, antifungal, antimalarial and antileishmanial activities. Compound 12 showed weak antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli with an IC50 value of 101 μM. Compounds 12 and 13 showed antimalarial activity against chloroquine-sensitive (D6) Plasmodium falciparum protozoan with IC50 values of 6.46 and 6.95 μM, and against chloroquine-resistant (W2) Plasmodium falciparum protozoan with IC50 values of 9.34 and 4.18 μM.

中文翻译：

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来自栾树的新三萜皂苷。

对栾树地上部分的乙醇提取物进行生物测定引导的分馏和化学研究。（无患子科），分离和鉴定了三种新的三萜皂苷 1-3（名为 Paniculatosoid AC）以及 11 种已知化合物。使用一维和二维核磁共振实验、HRESIMS 以及与文献数据的比较阐明了分离化合物的结构。三链皂苷的存在在无患子科中为首次报道，在天然皂苷中很少见。评估了化合物4-13的抗菌、抗真菌、抗疟疾和抗利什曼病活性。化合物12对大肠杆菌表现出弱抗菌活性，IC50值为101 μM。化合物12和13对氯喹敏感(D6)恶性疟原虫原生动物表现出抗疟活性，IC50值为6.46和6.95 μM，对氯喹抗性(W2)恶性疟原虫原生动物显示出抗疟活性，IC50值为9.34和4.18 μM。