AbstractChildren approach counterfactual questions about stories with a reasoning strategy that falls short of adults’ Counterfactual Reasoning (CFR). It was dubbed “Basic Conditional Reasoning” (BCR) in Rafetseder et al. (Child Dev 81(1):376–389, 2010). In this paper we provide a characterisation of the differences between BCR and CFR using a distinction between permanent and nonpermanent features of stories and Lewis/Stalnaker counterfactual logic. The critical difference pertains to how consistency between a story and a conditional antecedent incompatible with a nonpermanent feature of the story is achieved. Basic conditional reasoners simply drop all nonpermanent features of the story. Counterfactual reasoners preserve as much of the story as possible while accommodating the antecedent.

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基本条件推理：儿童如何模仿反事实推理

摘要儿童使用不符合成人反事实推理 (CFR) 的推理策略来处理有关故事的反事实问题。它在 Rafetseder 等人中被称为“基本条件推理”（BCR）。（儿童开发 81(1):376–389, 2010）。在本文中，我们通过区分故事的永久和非永久特征以及 Lewis/Stalnaker 反事实逻辑来描述 BCR 和 CFR 之间的差异。关键的区别在于如何实现故事与与故事的非永久性特征不相容的条件先行词之间的一致性。基本的条件推理器只是简单地删除了故事的所有非永久性特征。反事实推理者在容纳先例的同时尽可能多地保留故事。