BACKGROUND Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD) are the most common diseases noted in dogs. Although their pathogenesis varies, both include a significant enlargement of the left atrium. The study was carried out on left atrial specimens obtained from 56 dogs, including those from 34 dogs with clinically diagnosed MMVD, 15 dogs with DCM and 7 dogs without heart disease (control group). Dogs in the MMVD and the DCM groups presented with left atrial enlargement and stage D heart failure. The specimens underwent immunohistochemical examination using desmin, vimentin, periostin and caspase-3 antibodies. RESULTS There were alterations in the expression of the studied proteins in the study groups compared to the control group. The changes included: irregularity of desmin cross-striation and desmosomes, a higher amount of vimentin-positive cells, a change in the periostin expression pattern from cytoplasmic to extracellular, and a lower expression of caspase-3. The alterations were more pronounced in the DCM group than in the MMVD group. CONCLUSIONS During heart failure, the pattern of desmin, vimentin, periostin and caspase-3 expression alters in the left atrium, regardless of the cause. The changes are more pronounced in dogs with DCM than in dogs with MMVD and similar left atrial enlargement, suggesting that volume overload may not be the only cause of myocardial changes in DCM.

中文翻译：

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患有晚期扩张型心肌病和粘液性二尖瓣疾病的犬左心房中选定标志物的免疫组织化学评估-一项初步研究。

背景技术扩张型心肌病（DCM）和粘液性二尖瓣疾病（MMVD）是犬中最常见的疾病。尽管它们的发病机理各不相同，但两者均包括左心房的明显增大。这项研究是对从56只犬获得的左心房标本进行的，其中包括34例临床诊断为MMVD的犬，15例DCM的犬和7例无心脏病的犬（对照组）。MMVD和DCM组的狗表现出左心房扩大和D期心力衰竭。标本接受了结蛋白，波形蛋白，骨膜蛋白和胱天蛋白酶3抗体的免疫组织化学检查。结果与对照组相比，研究组中研究蛋白质的表达发生了变化。变化包括：结蛋白横纹和桥粒的不规则性，波形蛋白阳性细胞数量更多，骨膜蛋白表达模式从细胞质到细胞外的变化以及caspase-3的表达降低。与MMMVD组相比，DCM组的变化更为明显。结论在心力衰竭期间，无论原因如何，左心房中结蛋白，波形蛋白，骨膜素和胱天蛋白酶-3表达的模式都会改变。在患有DCM的狗中，这种变化比在MMVD和类似的左心房扩大的狗中更为明显，这表明体量超负荷可能不是DCM心肌变化的唯一原因。无论原因如何，desmin，波形蛋白，骨膜素和caspase-3表达的模式在左心房都会改变。在患有DCM的狗中，这种变化比在MMVD和类似的左心房扩大的狗中更为明显，这表明体量超负荷可能不是DCM心肌变化的唯一原因。无论原因如何，desmin，波形蛋白，骨膜素和caspase-3表达的模式在左心房都会改变。在患有DCM的狗中，这种变化比在MMVD和类似的左心房扩大的狗中更为明显，这表明体量超负荷可能不是DCM心肌变化的唯一原因。