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Random versus Cell Cycle-Regulated Replication Initiation in Bacteria: Insights from Studying Vibrio cholerae Chromosome 2.
Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews ( IF 8.0 ) Pub Date : 2016-12-03 , DOI: 10.1128/mmbr.00033-16
Revathy Ramachandran 1 , Jyoti Jha 1 , Johan Paulsson 2 , Dhruba Chattoraj 3
Affiliation  

Bacterial chromosomes initiate replication at a fixed time in the cell cycle, whereas there is generally no particular time for plasmid replication initiation or chromosomal replication initiation from integrated plasmids. In bacteria with divided genomes, the replication system of one of the chromosomes typically resembles that of bacteria with undivided genomes, whereas the remaining chromosomes have plasmid-like replication systems. For example, in Vibrio cholerae, a bacterium with two chromosomes (chromosome 1 [Chr1] and Chr2), the Chr1 system resembles that of the Escherichia coli chromosome, and the Chr2 system resembles that of iteron-based plasmids. However, Chr2 still initiates replication at a fixed time in the cell cycle and thus offers an opportunity to understand the molecular basis for the difference between random and cell cycle-regulated modes of replication. Here we review studies of replication control in Chr2 and compare it to those of plasmids and chromosomes. We argue that although the Chr2 control mechanisms in many ways are reminiscent of those of plasmids, they also appear to combine more regulatory features than are found on a typical plasmid, including some that are more typical of chromosomes. One of the regulatory mechanisms is especially novel, the coordinated timing of replication initiation of Chr1 and Chr2, providing the first example of communication between chromosomes for replication initiation.

中文翻译:

细菌的随机与细胞周期调控的复制起始:研究霍乱弧菌染色体2的见解。

细菌染色体在细胞周期的固定时间开始复制,而通常没有特定时间从整合质粒开始质粒复制起始或染色体复制起始。在具有分裂的基因组的细菌中,染色体之一的复制系统通常类似于具有未分裂的基因组的细菌的复制系统,而其余的染色体具有质粒样的复制系统。例如,在霍乱弧菌中,它是一种具有两条染色体(染色体1 [Chr1]和Chr2)的细菌,Chr1系统类似于大肠杆菌染色体,Chr2系统类似于基于iteron的质粒。然而,Chr2仍在细胞周期中的固定时间启动复制,因此为了解随机和细胞周期调节的复制模式之间差异的分子基础提供了机会。在这里,我们回顾Chr2中复制控制的研究,并将其与质粒和染色体的复制控制进行比较。我们认为,尽管Chr2控制机制在许多方面都让人联想到质粒的控制机制,但它们似乎还结合了比典型质粒(包括某些更典型的染色体)上更多的调控功能。调节机制之一是特别新颖的,Chr1和Chr2复制启动的协调时间,提供了染色体之间复制启动通信的第一个例子。在这里,我们回顾Chr2中复制控制的研究,并将其与质粒和染色体的复制控制进行比较。我们认为,尽管Chr2控制机制在许多方面都使人联想到质粒的控制机制,但它们似乎还结合了比典型质粒上发现的更多的调控特征,其中包括一些更典型的染色体。调节机制之一是特别新颖的,Chr1和Chr2复制启动的协调时间,提供了染色体之间复制启动通信的第一个例子。在这里,我们回顾Chr2中复制控制的研究,并将其与质粒和染色体的复制控制进行比较。我们认为,尽管Chr2控制机制在许多方面都让人联想到质粒的控制机制,但它们似乎还结合了比典型质粒(包括某些更典型的染色体)上更多的调控功能。调节机制之一是特别新颖的,Chr1和Chr2复制启动的协调时间,提供了染色体之间复制启动通信的第一个例子。包括一些更典型的染色体。调节机制之一是特别新颖的,Chr1和Chr2复制启动的协调时间,提供了染色体之间复制启动通信的第一个例子。包括一些更典型的染色体。调节机制之一是特别新颖的,Chr1和Chr2复制启动的协调时间,提供了染色体之间复制启动通信的第一个例子。
更新日期:2019-11-01
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