Cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide and the morbidity is growing in developed countries. According to WHO, >14 million people per year are diagnosed with cancer and about 8 million die. Anti-cancer strategy includes chemo-, immune- and radiotherapy or their combination. Unfortunately, these widely used strategies often have insufficient efficacy and significant toxic effects on healthy cells. Consequently, the improvement of treatment approaches is an important goal. One of promising schemes to enhance the effect of therapy is the restriction of calorie intake or some nutrients. The combination of caloric restriction or its chemical mimetics along with anti-cancer drugs may suppress growth of tumor cells and enhance death of cancer cells. That will allow the dose of therapeutic drugs to be decreased and their toxic effects to be reduced. Here the possibility of using this combinatory therapy as well as the molecular mechanisms underlying this approach will be discussed.

中文翻译：

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热量限制-一种有前途的抗癌方法：从分子机制到临床试验。

癌症是全球第二大死亡原因，发达国家的发病率正在上升。根据世界卫生组织的数据，每年有1400万人被诊断出患有癌症，约有800万人死亡。抗癌策略包括化学疗法，免疫疗法和放射疗法或它们的组合。不幸的是，这些广泛使用的策略通常对健康细胞没有足够的功效和明显的毒性作用。因此，改善治疗方法是重要的目标。增强治疗效果的一种有希望的方案是限制卡路里的摄入或某些营养素。热量限制或其化学模拟物与抗癌药的组合可抑制肿瘤细胞的生长并增强癌细胞的死亡。这将允许减少治疗药物的剂量并减少其毒性作用。在这里，将讨论使用这种联合疗法的可能性以及这种方法所基于的分子机制。