Pendimethalin (PND, CAS registry number 40487-42-1) is a dinitroaniline herbicide that selectively controls broad-leaf and grassy weeds in a variety of crops and in noncrop areas. It has been on the market for about 30 yr and is currently under review for properties related to persistence (P), bioaccumulation (B), and toxicity (T) in the European Union (EU). A critical review of these properties as well as potential for long-range transport (LRT) was conducted. Pendimethalin has a geometric mean (GM) half-life of 76-98 d in agriculturally relevant soils under aerobic conditions in the lab. The anaerobic half-life was 12 d. The GM for field half-lives was 72 d. The GM half-life for sediment-water tests in the lab was 20 d and that in field aquatic cosms ranged from 45 to 90 d. From these data PND is not persistent as defined in the Annex II of EC regulation 1107/2009. The GM bioconcentration factor for PND was 1878, less than the criterion value. This was consistent with lack of biomagnification or accumulation in aquatic and terrestrial food chains. The GM no-observed-effect concentration (NOEC) value for fish was 43 µg/L, and 11 µg/L for algae. These do not trigger the criterion value for toxicity. In air, the DT50 of PND was estimated to be 0.35 d, which is well below the criterion of 2 d for LRT under the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) Aarhus protocol. Modeling confirmed lack of LRT. Because of its volatility, PND may be transported over short distances in air and was found in samples in local and semiremote regions; however, these concentrations are not of toxicological concern. Unlike other current-use pesticides, PND has not been found in samples from remote regions since 2000 and there is no apparent evidence that this herbicide accumulates in food chains in the Arctic.

中文翻译：

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对二甲戊乐灵的持久性，生物蓄积性，毒性和远距离运输潜力的关键评估。

二甲戊灵（PND，CAS登记号40487-42-1）是一种二硝基苯胺类除草剂，可选择性控制多种作物和非农作物地区的阔叶和草类杂草。它已经在市场上销售了约30年，目前正在针对欧盟（EU）中与持久性（P），生物蓄积性（B）和毒性（T）有关的特性进行审查。对这些特性以及远距离运输（LRT）的潜力进行了严格的审查。在实验室中好氧条件下，二甲戊灵在农业相关土壤中的几何平均（GM）半衰期为76-98 d。厌氧半衰期为12 d。野外半衰期的GM为72 d。实验室中沉积物水测试的GM半衰期为20 d，野外水生宇宙的GM半衰期为45到90 d。根据这些数据，PND并不是EC法规1107/2009附件II中定义的持久性。PND的GM生物浓缩系数为1878，小于标准值。这与缺乏生物放大作用或在水生和陆地食物链中积累有关。鱼类的GM无观测效应浓度（NOEC）值为43 µg / L，藻类为11 µg / L。这些不会触发毒性标准值。在空中，PND的DT50估计为0.35 d，远低于联合国欧洲经济委员会（UNECE）奥尔胡斯协议规定的LRT 2 d的标准。建模确认缺少LRT。由于其挥发性，PND可能会在空气中短距离运输，并在局部和半远程地区的样本中发现。但是，这些浓度与毒理学无关。