Hospitals throughout the United States establish leadership and management programs for their middle managers. Despite their pervasiveness and an increased emphasis on physician leadership, there is limited research regarding the development programs designed for clinical and nonclinical health care middle managers.

中文翻译：

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针对医疗保健中层管理人员的领导力发展计划：探索高层管理团队成员的观点。

美国各地的医院都为其中层管理人员建立领导力和管理计划。尽管它们无处不在，并且越来越强调医师的领导能力，但有关为临床和非临床医疗保健中层管理人员设计的开发计划的研究很少。