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Racial disparity in colorectal cancer: Gut microbiome and cancer stem cells.
World Journal of Stem Cells ( IF 4.1 ) Pub Date : 2016-9-30 , DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v8.i9.279
Sachin Goyal 1 , Pratima Nangia-Makker 1 , Lulu Farhana 1 , Yingjie Yu 1 , Adhip Pn Majumdar 1
Affiliation  

Over the past two decades there has been remarkable progress in cancer diagnosis, treatment and screening. The basic mechanisms leading to pathogenesis of various types of cancers are also understood better and some patients, if diagnosed at a particular stage go on to lead a normal pre-diagnosis life. Despite these achievements, racial disparity in some cancers remains a mystery. The higher incidence, aggressiveness and mortality of breast, prostate and colorectal cancers (CRCs) in African-Americans as compared to Caucasian-Americans are now well documented. The polyp-carcinoma sequence in CRC and easy access to colonic epithelia or colonic epithelial cells through colonoscopy/colonic effluent provides the opportunity to study colonic stem cells early in course of natural history of the disease. With the advent of metagenomic sequencing, uncultivable organisms can now be identified in stool and their numbers correlated with the effects on colonic epithelia. It would be expected that these techniques would revolutionize our understanding of the racial disparity in CRC and pave a way for the same in other cancers as well. Unfortunately, this has not happened. Our understanding of the underlying factors responsible in African-Americans for higher incidence and mortality from colorectal carcinoma remains minimal. In this review, we aim to summarize the available data on role of microbiome and cancer stem cells in racial disparity in CRC. This will provide a platform for further research on this topic.

中文翻译:

大肠癌的种族差异:肠道微生物组和癌症干细胞。

在过去的二十年中,癌症的诊断,治疗和筛查取得了显着进展。人们还更好地理解了导致各种类型癌症的发病机理的基本机制,并且某些患者如果在特定阶段被诊断出能够继续正常的预诊断寿命。尽管取得了这些成就,但某些癌症的种族差异仍然是一个谜。与白种人相比,非洲裔美国人的乳腺癌,前列腺癌和结肠直肠癌(CRC)的发病率,侵略性和死亡率更高。CRC中的息肉-癌序列以及通过结肠镜检查/结肠流出液易于进入结肠上皮细胞或结肠上皮细胞提供了在疾病自然病程中早期研究结肠干细胞的机会。随着宏基因组测序的出现,现在可以在粪便中鉴定出无法培养的生物,其数量与对结肠上皮细胞的影响相关。可以预期,这些技术将彻底改变我们对CRC中种族差异的理解,并为其他癌症中的种族差异铺平道路。不幸的是,这没有发生。我们对非裔美国人导致大肠癌高发病率和高死亡率的潜在因素的了解仍然很少。在这篇综述中,我们旨在总结有关微生物组和癌症干细胞在CRC种族差异中的作用的可用数据。这将为该主题的进一步研究提供一个平台。可以预期,这些技术将彻底改变我们对CRC中种族差异的理解,并为其他癌症中的种族差异铺平道路。不幸的是,这没有发生。我们对非裔美国人导致大肠癌高发病率和高死亡率的潜在因素的了解仍然很少。在这篇综述中,我们旨在总结有关微生物组和癌症干细胞在CRC种族差异中的作用的可用数据。这将为该主题的进一步研究提供一个平台。可以预期,这些技术将彻底改变我们对CRC中种族差异的理解,并为其他癌症中的种族差异铺平道路。不幸的是,这没有发生。我们对非裔美国人导致大肠癌高发病率和高死亡率的潜在因素的了解仍然很少。在这篇综述中,我们旨在总结有关微生物组和癌症干细胞在CRC种族差异中的作用的可用数据。这将为该主题的进一步研究提供一个平台。我们旨在总结有关微生物组和癌症干细胞在CRC种族差异中的作用的可用数据。这将为该主题的进一步研究提供一个平台。我们旨在总结有关微生物组和癌症干细胞在CRC种族差异中的作用的可用数据。这将为该主题的进一步研究提供一个平台。
更新日期:2020-08-21
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